GMAT逻辑简图整理,含南丁格尔那篇例题

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1、Mumuwa逻辑简图Mumuwa逻辑简图–-GMAT阅读方法TworecentpublicationsofferdifferentassessmentsofthecareerofthefamousBritishnurseFlorenceNightingale.AbookbyAnneSummersseekstodebunktheidealizationsandpresentarealityatoddswithNightingale'sheroicreputation．AccordingtoSumme

2、rs，Nightingale'simportanceduringtheCrimeanWarhasbeenexaggerated：notuntilnearthewar'senddidshebecomesupervisorofthefemalenurses．Additionally,Summerswritesthatthecontributionofthenursestothereliefofthewoundedwasatbestmarginal．Theprevailingproblemsofmili

3、tarymedicinewerecausedbyarmyorganizationalpractices,andtheadditionofafewnursestothemedicalstaffcouldbenomorethansymbolic．Nightingale'splaceinthenationalpantheon，Summersasserts，islargelyduet0thepropagandisticeffortsofcontemporarynewspaperreporters．Byco

4、ntrast,theeditorsofanewvolumeofNightingale'slettersviewNightingaleasapersonwhosignificantlyinfluencednotonlyherownagebutalsosubsequentgenerations．Theyhighlightherongoingeffortstoreformsanitaryconditionsafterthewar．Forexample，whenshelearnedthatpeacetim

5、elivingconditionsinBritishbarracksweresohorriblethatthedeathrateofenlistedmenfarexceededthatofneighboringcivilianpopulations，shesucceededinpersuadingthegovernmenttoestablishaRoyalCommissionontheHealthoftheArmy.Sheusedsumsraisedthroughpubliccontributio

6、nstofoundanurses’traininghospitalinLondon．Eveninadministrativematters，theeditorsassert,herpracticalintelligencewasformidable：asrecentlyas1947theBritishArmy'smedicalserviceswerestillusingthecost-accountingsystemshehaddevisedinthe1860’s.Ibelievethatthee

7、videnceofherletterssupportscontinuedrespectforNightingale'sbrillianceandcreativity.Whencounselingavillageschoolmastertoencouragechildrentousetheirfacultiesofobservation，shesoundslikeamoderneducator．Herinsistenceonclassifyingtheproblemsoftheneedyinorde

8、rtodeviseappropriatetreatmentsissimilartotheapproachofmodernsocialworkers．Insum，althoughNightingalemaynothaveachievedallofhergoalsduringtheCrimeanWar,herbreadthofvisionandabilitytorealizeambitiousprojectshaveearnedheraneminentplaceamongtherank