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1、八.名词性从句名词性从句——主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
2、It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 I
3、t seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3.由连词that或者whether引导的主语从句：这种情况下that和whether只是引导作用不担当成分，不能省略，并且可以转变成it形式主语。Thattheearthisroundistrue。―――itistruethattheearthisround。Whetherhewillco
4、meornothasn’tbeendecided.Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcomeornot.4.由连接代词或者连接副词引导的主语从句：连接代词who,which和连接副词when，where，how，why都可以引导主语从句，可以分别担任主语，宾语和状语，不能省略，可以改为it引导的主语从句。Wholetoutthenewsremainedunknown----itremainedunknownwholetoutthenews.Whyhedidn’tcomehereis
5、notcleartoanyone.----itisnotcleartoanyonewhyhedidn’tcome.5.以关系代词what,whateverwhoeverwhichever等引导的主语从句：whoeverleavestheofficeshouldtellme。（这里whoever做主语）改成定语从句：Anyonewholeavestheofficeshouldtellme。6. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、
6、表语，而that 则不然。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的
7、宾语从句，例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语 :Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词
8、的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) I’vemade a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disap
