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页数:11页
时间:2019-05-24
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1、1.TheGreenTradeBarrier1.1TheConceptofGreenTradeBarrierGreentradebarrier,alsoknownasenvironmentbarrier,isasetofrules,policiesandregulationsusedtorestrictandevenbancertainexport–and-importtradedirectlyorindirectlyinordertoprotecttheecologicalenvironment,naturalresourcesandkeephealthyofhumanbeing,a
2、nimalsandvegetation.1.2TheOriginofGreenTradeBarrierThegreentradebarrier,akindofnon-tarifftrademeasure,originatesfromlate1980s.Itbegantodevelopinthe1990sandisbecomingmoreandmorepopularsince1999.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheglobaleconomyandthedegradationofecologicalenvironment,developedcountrieshav
3、ecarriedoutthegreentradebarrieraimingatenvironmentalandtradeprotection.Theoriginofgreentradebarrierisnotbyaccidentatall.Manyconditionsandfactorshavecontributedtoitsoriginanddevelopment.Thefollowingaresomemainreasons.Withthesocietydevelopingandlivingstandardincreasing,peopleareawareoftheimportanc
4、eofhealthandsafetyofdailycommodities.Indevelopedcountries,consumers’greenvalueshavebeenformedandshowtheirdemandsandpreferencestowardsgreenproducts.Asenvironmentalawarenessincreases,theviewofsustainabledevelopmentisbeingacceptedbymoreandmorepeople.It’sappealedthattheproductionandprocessingofprodu
5、ctsininternationaltradeshouldnotbedonebydestroyingorsacrificingtheenvironment.Traditionaltradebarriers,suchastariff,licensing,quotaetc.areincreasinglycondemnedandareeasilyrevenged.Soitcanprovidemorespaceforthedevelopmentofthegreentradebarrier.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnologyprovid
6、emoreconditionsandopportunitiesfortheformationandexpansionofthegreentradebarrier.Somemaindevelopedcountriesareconfrontedwithdifficultiesineconomicgrowth.Tradeprotectionismhasatendencytodevelopagain.1.3TheManifestationsofGreenTradeBarrierThecontentsofthegreentradebarrierbroadlyincludethefollowing
7、fivetypes.1.3.1Greentariffsystem.Importingcountriesimposetaxsurchargeonimportsofproductswhichmaydoharmtotheenvironment.1.3.2Establishmentofstrictenvironmentaltechnicalstandards.Thesestandardsarebasedonthelevelofdevelopedcoun
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