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1、Unit1ArtReadingASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGThestyleofWesternarthaschangedmanytimes,whileChinesarthaschangedlessoften.Artisinfluencedbythewayoflifeandbeliefsofthepeople,andChina,unlikeEurope,hasfollowedasimilarwayoflifeforaverylongtime.TherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternartthatitwo
2、uldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminashorttext.Consequently,thistextwilldescribeonlyafewofthemainstyles,startingfromthe5thcenturyAD.TheMiddleAges(5thto15thcenturyAD)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes,Artistswerenotinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleast
3、heyreallywere.Instead,theywereinterestedincreatingrespectandloveforGod,andpaintingsfromthisperiodarefullofreligioussymbols.Thingshadbeguntochangebythe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticstyle.TheRenaissance(15th16thcentury)IntheRenaissan
4、ce,newideasandvaluestooktheplaceofthosethatwereheldintheMiddleAges.peoplebecamefocusedmoreonhumansandlessonreligion.PaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Richpeoplewantedtocollectartfortheirpalacesandgreathouses.Theypaidfa
5、mousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesandotherpossessions,aswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.Oneofthemostimportantdiscoveriesduringthisperiodwashowtodrawthingsinperspective.ThefirstpersontouseperspectiveinhispaintingswasMasaccioin1428.Whenpeoplefirstsawhispaintingstheyw
6、ereconvincedtheywerelookingthroughaholeinthewallatarealscene.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.DuringtheRenaissanceoilpaintswerealsodeveloped,whichmadecolourslookricheranddeeper.Impressionism(late19thtoearly20thcentury)In
7、thelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdeal,fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.Manypeoplemovedfromthecountrytothenewcities.Thereweremanynewinventionsandmanysocialchanges.Naturally,thesechangesalsoledtochangesinpaintingstyles.Amongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditi
