高中课文 高中英语必修5

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1、Unit1GreatscientistsReadingJOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon-sofamous,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriatoeasethebirthofherbabies.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.Thiswasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause,nori

2、tscurewasunderstood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.JohnSnowwantedtousehisknowledgetohelpsolvethisproblem.Heknewitwouldheverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.Hegotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedint

3、heairwithoutreason.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoontheaffectedpersonwasdead.Hebelievedinthesecondtheorybutneededtoprovehewascorrect.Sow

4、henanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854,JohnSnowwasreadytotestthesetwotheories.Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughthepoorneighbourhoods,JohnSnowbegantogathertheinformation.Hefoundthatintwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days.Hedeterminedtofindoutwhy.Hema

5、rkedonamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.Hereitis:Themapgaveavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallynumbers16,37,38and40BroadStreet).JohnSnowalsosawthatsomehouses(suchas20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Hediscove

6、redthatthesefamiliesworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.TheyweregivenfreebeerandsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.Itseemedthewaterwastoblame.Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriver,whichhadbeenpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.Immedia

7、telyJohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthewaterpumpsoitcouldnotbeused.Soonthediseasebegantoslowdown.JohnSnowhadshownthatcholerawasspreadbygermsandnotinacloudofgas.Inaddition,hefoundtwootherdeathsinanotherpartofLondonth