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1、英语结构语法之定语从句结构说明定语从句结构关系词介词+关系代词限定性与非限定性I.定语从句的结构先行词+关系词+从句Doyouknowthemanwhoisplantingtreesthere?Thisisthekitethathemadeforme.比较Wehaven’tdecidedwhowillgothere.II.关系词关系代词Who(人)关系代词在从句中做主或宾Which(物)That(人、物)从句中缺主或宾用关系代词HeisMr.BrownwhoteachesmeEnglish.(who主语)Thisisthephotothathetook
2、ofme.（that做宾语）IwillneverforgetthefactorythatIvisitedyesterday.关系副词When(时间)关系副词在从句中作状语Where（地点）Why（原因）从句中不缺主或宾用关系副词IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.Thisisthefactorywherehemadethekiteforme.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tcome.Doyoubelievethereason_____hegaveyou?thatIII.介词+关
3、系代词（whom,which） 介词来源有三：1.根据先行词ThisisthebusonwhichIcamehere.ThisistheroominwhichIlive.2.根据从句的动词ImetMr.Greentowhomthebookbelong.ImetthepatientonwhomDr.Smithdidanoperation.3.根据情境加上Iamstudyingintheschool,infrontofwhichliesalake.Iourclass,wehave50students,mostofwhomareboys.背熟这三句Ilive
4、inahouse,whosewindowfacessouth.Iliveinahouse,thewindowofwhichfacessouth.Iliveinahouse,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.IV.限定性(限定才明白)与非限定性（不限定也明白）1.区别(引导非限定从句跟主句间往往用逗号分开)Imetyourbrotherwhoisateacher.Imetyourbrother,whoisateacher.2.which可指一词或一句。IwenttoHangzhou,whichisabeautifulcity.Bamb
5、ooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.3.as引导非限定从句可再句首，which不行Asweallknow,theearthisround.Asisknowntousall,theearthisround.补充1.Which和that的区别Which（1.非限定定语从句；2.介词后）That(先行词是：1.不定代词something,anything,nothing等；2.被adj最高级修饰；3.被first,last,和序数词修饰；4.既有人又有物。)Hehasdonenothingthatcansatisfyhispar
6、ents.Wetalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthatwecouldrememberatschool.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Ihaveseenawonderfulfilm,fromwhichIhavelearnedalot.补充2.定语从句中的主谓一致（与先行词一致）Weliveonaplanet,70%ofwhichiscoveredwithwater.Heisoneofthestudents,whohavebeenpraisedbytheteacher.He
7、istheonlyoneofthestudents,whohasbeenpraisedbytheteacher.1．(湖北高考)Mymotherwassoproudofall________(我所做的)thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)答案：(that)Ihaddone2．(湖北高考)Thecity____________________(我成长的)isveryhotanddampinsummer.(grow)答案：where/inwhichIgrewup解析：考查由where或inwhich引导的定语从句
8、；设空处用一般过去时态。1．(2010·北京高考)Childrenwhoarenotactiv
