欧洲文化入门课后习题答案16

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1、Divisionone:GreekcultureandRomanculture希腊.罗马文化I・Greekculture希腊文化1.WhatarethemajorelementsinEuropeanculture?TherearetwomainelementstheGreco・RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement2.WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientGreeksociety?InGreeksociety,onlyadultmalecitizenhadrealpowerand

2、thecitizenshipwasasetofrightswhichamaninheritedfromhisfather.TheeconomyofAthensrestedonanimmenseamountofslavelaborSlavesworkedfortheirmasters.Theexploitationwasaserioussocialproblem.TheGreekslovedsports.TheyoftentookpartinthecontestsofsportsinOlympusMount,thusOlympicGamescame

3、intobeing.3.WhatdidHomerdo?WhyisheimportantinthehistoryofEuropeanliterature?HedepictedthegreatGreekmenwholivedintheperiod1200・1100BCandwarshappeningatthattime.Asanauthorofepics，heemployedfineliterarylanguagetodescribewarsandmen^eventhoughtheyweredull.HestoodinthepeekofGreekli

4、teratureandexertedagreatinfluenceonhisfollowers.4.WhoweretheoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece?Whatimportantplaysdideachofthemwrite?Aeschylus，SophoclesandEuripideswerethreeoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece.Aeschylus:PrometheusBound,Persians,AgamemnonSophocles:OedipustheK

5、ing,Electra,AntigoneEuripides:Andromache^Medea9Trojanyeomen5.Weretherehistoriansthen?Whowerethey?Whatdideachofthemwriteabout?Yes,thereare.TheywereHerodotusandThucydides.HerodotuswroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.ThucydideswroteaboutthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetwe

6、enAthensandSyracuse.6.Wouldyousaythatphilosophywashighlydevelopedthen?Whowerethemajorphilosophers?No，Iwouldn't.Becausethosephilosophicalideaswereonlyidealismorsimplematerialismormetaphysics.Socrates,PlatoandAristotlewerethemajorphilosophersatthattime.7eDidSocrateswriteanybook

7、?Howthendoweknowabouthim?Whatdistinguishedhisphilosophy?No,hedidn't.WeknowSocrateschieflythroughwhatPlatorecordedofhiminthefamousDialogueswrittenbyPlato.Heconsideredthatphilosophyrestedwiththedissectofoneselfandvirtuewashighworthoflife.Hismethodofargument,byquestionsandanswer

8、s,wasknownasthedialecticalmethod.&TellsomeofPlatonsideas.Whydopeople