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1、WORD文档可编辑欧洲文化入门课后习题答案:Divisionone:GreekcultureandRomanculture希腊、罗马文化Ⅰ.Greekculture希腊文化1.WhatarethemajorelementsinEuropeanculture?Therearetwomainelements——theGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.2.WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientGreeksociety?InGreeksocie
2、ty,onlyadultmalecitizenhadrealpowerandthecitizenshipwasasetofrightswhichamaninheritedfromhisfather.TheeconomyofAthensrestedonanimmenseamountofslavelabor.Slavesworkedfortheirmasters.Theexploitationwasaserioussocialproblem.TheGreekslovedsports.Theyoftentookpartinth
3、econtestsofsportsinOlympusMount,thusOlympicGamescameintobeing.3.WhatdidHomerdo?WhyisheimportantinthehistoryofEuropeanliterature?HedepictedthegreatGreekmenwholivedintheperiod1200-1100B.C.andwarshappeningatthattime.Asanauthorofepics,heemployedfineliterarylanguageto
4、describewarsandmen,eventhoughtheyweredull.HestoodinthepeekofGreekliteratureandexertedagreatinfluenceonhisfollowers.4.WhoweretheoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece?Whatimportantplaysdideachofthemwrite?Aeschylus,SophoclesandEuripideswerethreeoutstandingdramatistso
5、fancientGreece.Aeschylus:PrometheusBound,Persians,AgamemnonSophocles:OedipustheKing,Electra,AntigoneEuripides:Andromache,Medea,TrojanWomen5.Weretherehistoriansthen?Whowerethey?Whatdideachofthemwriteabout?Yes,thereare.TheywereHerodotusandThucydides.Herodotuswrotea
6、boutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.ThucydideswroteaboutthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse.6.Wouldyousaythatphilosophywashighlydevelopedthen?Whowerethemajorphilosophers?No,Iwouldn’t.Becausethosephilosophicalideaswereonlyidealismorsimplemateri
7、alismormetaphysics.Socrates,PlatoandAristotlewerethemajorphilosophersatthattime.7.DidSocrateswriteanybook?Howthendoweknowabouthim?Whatdistinguishedhisphilosophy?No,hedidn’t.WeknowSocrateschieflythroughwhatPlatorecordedofhiminthefamousDialogueswrittenbyPlato.Hecon
8、sideredthatphilosophyrestedwiththedissectofoneselfandvirtuewashighworthoflife.Hismethodofargument,byquestionsandanswers,wasknownasthedialecticalmethod.8.Tellso