自学测验考试英美国家概况十一

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1、.9vr'tOJ-7--WO/.TheRepublicofIreland.------~---...--......-...-...-.......I-pChapter11GeogiraphyandHistoryTheBritishIslesaremadeupoftwolargeislandsandhundredsofsmallones.ThetwolargeislandsareGreatBritainandIreland.IrelandisalsocalledtheEmeraldIslebecauseofitsrichgreencoun-tryside.Irelandisdividedin

2、totwopoliticalunits.TheyareNorth-ernIrelandandtheRepublicofIreland.NorthernIslandispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland(Eire)isaninde-pendentcountry.1.GeographicalFeaturesTheRepublicofIrelandcoversanareaof70,282sq.km.ItisboundedonthenortheastbyNorthernIreland,ontheeastandsoutheastbytheIrisbS

3、eaandSt.George'sChannelandonthenorthandwestbytheAtlanticOcean.Thecountry'stotalboundaryis3,603kmlong,ofwhichitslandborderwithNorthernIrelandis434km.ThecapitalisDublin.ItislocatedonDublinBayatthemouthoftheLiffeyRiveratitsconfluence,withtheDodderRiver.DublinisacityofoverImillion.Theothermainurbancent

4、resare:Cork,Limerick,GalwayandWaterford.Irelandhasbeencomparedtoabasininwhichalimestoneplateauisrimmedbycoastalhighlands.Maritimeinfluencespenetratethe191I-I,------...矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。land.Thecentralplainareaischaracterizedbymanylakes,bogs(wetareas)andlowridges.TheprincipalmountainrangesaretheMourneMount

5、ains,theWicklowMountainsintheeastandtheMacgillicuddy'sReeksinthesouthwest.ThehighestpeaksareCar-rantuohill(1,041rn)andMountBrandon(953m)nearKillar-ney,andLugnaquilla(926m),about64krn.southofDublin.Varietyisthemainfeatureofthelowlands.TheCentralLowlandistheheartofIreland.Easypassagewaysalongvalleyan

6、dlowlandcorridorsleadfromittoeveryIrishshore.Aroundthelowlandthereareseveraltypesoflandscape.ThestretchofcountrybetweenGal-wayBayandKillarneyhaslittleeconomicvalueoraestheticattrac-tion.Itliesoffthemaincommercialandtouristroutes.Tothewestthelimestonegiveswaytoavarietyofrocks.Thegreenfieldsofthelowl

7、andarereplacedbybogsortoweringmountainsinWestCon-nacht-TheriversofIrelandhavecoursesofconsiderablevarietyandareamongthemostattractivefeaturesofthescenery.TheycrosstheCentralLowlandsasslow-movingstrearns.The