分析水电站建设中新增水土流失预测及防治措施研究

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1、学兔兔www.xuetutu.com水利水电技术第46卷2O15年第9期水电站建设中新增水土流失预测及防治措施研究菊燕宁，张壮志(1．四川电力职业技术学院，四川成都610072；2．中国长江三峡集团公司，湖北宜昌443002)摘要：为准确预测因水库水电站工程建设而导致的新增水土流失，本文以小河水电建设工程为例，在详细调查统计项目区扰动面积、弃方量、水土保持设施破坏情况基础上，对项目区新增水土流失预测方法进行了研究，预测出该工程建设产生新增水土流失1．459万t。经综合分析提出水土流失防治重点区域为主体工程施S-场地、渣场转运点和渣场区，并根据预测的水土

2、流失量和项目区的特点，分析制定项目区水土流失防治措施，在弃渣场修建130m挡渣墙，在项目其他区域有针对性地种植苜蓿及植物谷坊等适应性强的植物。结合工程实施经验，提出了工程水土保持方案实施的合理化建议。关键词：水库电站；新增水土流失；预测；防治措施doi：10．13928／j．enki．wrahe．2015．09．030中图分类号：Tv7+S157(263)文献标识码：B文章编号：1000—0860(2015)09—0128·07Forecastofnewlyincreasedsoilandwaterlossduringconstructionofhyd

3、ropowerstationandstudyonitspreventionmeasuresjuYanning，ZHANGZhuangzhi(1．SichuanElectricVocationalandTechnicalCollege，Chengdu610072，Sichuan，China；2．ChinaThreeGorgeCorporation，Yichang443002，Hubei，China)Abstract：Foraccuratelyforecastingthenewlyincreasedsoilandwaterlosscausedbytheco

4、nstructionofreservoirandhydropow—erstation，XiaoheHydropowerStationConstructionProjectistakenasthestudycaseforstudythemethodofforecastingthenewlyincreasedsoilandwaterlOSSwithintheprojectareaonthebasisofthedetailedinvestigationandstatisticofthedisturbedarea，a—mountofdisusedsoiland

5、thedamageofsoilandwaterconservationfacilities．Itisforecastedthatthenewlyincreasedsoilandwaterlossistobe14590．00tfromtheconstructionofthisproject．Throughacomprehensiveanalysis，itisproposedthatthekeyregionsforpreventingthesoilandwaterlossaretobetheconstructionsiteofthemainstructur

6、e，spoildisposaltransferareaandthespoildisposalyard，andthenthemeasuresforpreventingthesoilandwaterlosswithintheprojectareaareanalyzedandmade，i．e．constructingthespoilretainingwallwiththelengthof130mforthespoildisposalyardandplantingthoseplantswithstrongadaptabilitytothelocalcondit

7、ion，suchasmedicagoandplantcheckdamswithintheotherregionsoftheprojectinaccord—ancewiththeforecastedsoilandwaterlossandthecharacteristicsoftheprojectarea．Furthermore，severalreasonablesugges—tionsareputforwardhereinforimplementingthesoilandwaterconservationoftheprojectaswel1．Keywor

8、ds：reservoirandhydropower；newlyincreasedsoiland