个人理财：过去，现在和未来[文献翻译]

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1、原文：PersonalFinance:Past,PresentandFutureIntroductionInrecentyears,theneedforfinancialeducationhasgainedtheattentionofawiderangeofentitiesincludingbankingcompanies,governmentagencies,grass‐rootsconsumerandcommunityinterestgroups,universities,schools,andotherorga

2、nizations.Numerousfactorshaveledtoacomplex,specializedfinancialservicesmarketplacethatrequiresconsumerstobeactivelyengagediftheyaretomanagetheirfinanceseffectively.Theforcesoftechnologyandmarketinnovation,drivenbyincreasedcompetition,haveresultedinasophisticate

3、dindustryinwhichconsumersareofferedabroadspectrumofservicesbyawidearrayofproviders.Otherimportantdemographicandmarkettrendscontributingtoconcernsincludeincreaseddiversityofthepopulation,resultinginhouseholdsthatmayfacelanguage,cultural,orotherbarrierstoestablis

4、hingabankingrelationship;expandedaccesstocreditforyoungerpopulations;andincreasedemployeeresponsibilityfordirectingtheirowninvestmentsinemployer‐sponsoredretirementandpensionplans.Theprevailingconcernisthatconsumerslackaworkingknowledgeoffinancialconceptsanddon

5、othavethetoolstheyneedtomakedecisionsmostadvantageoustotheireconomicwellbeing.Financialdecisionsmadebyconsumersaffectanindividual’sorfamily’scurrentfinancialwellbeingandabilitytosaveforlong‐termgoalssuchasbuyingahome,seekinghighereducation,orfinancingretirement

6、.Inaddition,theconsumerdecisionsalsoplayanimportantroleintheoveralleconomichealthofthenation,aswasexperiencedthroughtherecenteconomiccrisis.Mostrecenteconomicissuessuchascreditcarddebt,homeforeclosures,reducedsavings,decliningvaluesofinvestments,thecollapseofth

7、esubprimelendingmarket,andescalatingnumbersofpersonalbankruptcyhavefocusedthenation’sattentionontheimportanceoffinancialeducation.Technologicaladvanceshavetransformednearlyeveryaspectofthemarketing,delivery,andprocessingoffinancialproductsandservice.Theforcesof

8、technologyandmarketinnovation,drivenbyincreasedcompetition,haveresultedinasophisticatedindustryinwhichawidearrayofprovidersoffersconsumersabroadspectrumoffinancialproductsan