自上而下预算效益的实证证据【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译原文：EmpiricalEvidenceoftheBenefitsofTop-downBudgetingTheempiricalstudiesoftherelationshipbetweeninstitutionsandfiscalperformanceprovidesupportfortheassumptionthatatop-downprocessisassociatedwithlowerdeficitsanddebts.Inhispioneeringstudyofbudgetproceduresof12EU-membercountries,vonHagen(

2、1992)teststhehypothesisthatatop-downprocessinthepreparatoryphaseofthebudget,andatop-downdecision-makingorderinparliamentaryapprovalismoreconducivetofiscaldisciplinethanbottom-upprocedures.Thesetwoaspectsareincludedinstructuralindicescharacterizingthebudgetprocess,whicharefoundtohaveasignificantrela

3、tionshipwithdeficitanddebtlevels.DeHaanandSturm(1994)extendthestudytocontrolforthecompositionandstabilityofgovernment,andconfirmthatcertainbudgetinstitutions,includingtop-downbudgeting,arecorrelatedwithamorerobustfiscalposition.Woo(2003)akesasimilarapproachandconstructsanindexthatbroadlycorresponds

4、toatop-downbudgetpreparationprocess.WhenexpandingvonHagen’sstudytoincludenineEastAsiancountries,Wooconfirmsastrongrelationshipbetweentheseinstitutionalarrangementsandfiscaloutcomes.ConcentratingonCentralandEasternEuropeancountries,Gleich(2003)includesindicesforthetop-downcharacterofboththepreparati

5、onofthedraftbudgetandtheparliamentaryapprovalprocess.Heconcludesthatthepositiveimpactofmorestringentbudgetinstitutionsondeficitanddebtholdforthesecountriesaswell.Yläoutinen(2004),alsostudyingCentralandEasternEuropeancountries,includescriteriaonthedecisionmakingsequenceinbudgetpreparationandtheorder

6、oftheapprovalprocedureinparliament,thusconfirmingearlierresults.AgainstthesestudiesstandsPerottiandKontopoulos(2002)whoconstructanindexoftheproceduralfragmentationofthebudgetprocess,broadlycorrespondingtoatop-downandabottom-uppreparationprocess.Althoughtheydemonstratethatalowerleveloffragmentation(

7、i.e.,amoretop-downorientedprocess)isassociatedwithalowerdeficit,lowerexpenditureandlowerrevenue,therelationshipisfoundtobeweak.Whilesupportiveofthehypothesisthattop-downbudgetingisconducivetoaggregatefiscal