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1、ThePrinceThePrincebyNicoloMachiavelliTranslatedbyW.K.Marriott1ThePrinceNicoloMachiavelli,bornatFlorenceon3rdMay1469.From1494to1512heldanofficialpostatFlorencewhichincludeddiplomaticmissionstovariousEuropeancourts.ImprisonedinFlorence,1512;laterexiledandreturnedtoSanCasciano.DiedatFlorenceon22
2、ndJune1527.2ThePrinceINTRODUCTIONNicoloMachiavelliwasbornatFlorenceon3rdMay1469.HewasthesecondsonofBernardodiNicoloMachiavelli,alawyerofsomerepute,andofBartolommeadiStefanoNelli,hiswife.BothparentsweremembersoftheoldFlorentinenobility.Hislifefallsnaturallyintothreeperiods,eachofwhichsingularl
3、yenoughconstitutesadistinctandimportanterainthehistoryofFlorence.HisyouthwasconcurrentwiththegreatnessofFlorenceasanItalianpowerundertheguidanceofLorenzode'Medici,IlMagnifico.ThedownfalloftheMediciinFlorenceoccurredin1494,inwhichyearMachiavellienteredthepublicservice.DuringhisofficialcareerFl
4、orencewasfreeunderthegovernmentofaRepublic,whichlasteduntil1512,whentheMedicireturnedtopower,andMachiavellilosthisoffice.TheMediciagainruledFlorencefrom1512until1527,whentheywereoncemoredrivenout.ThiswastheperiodofMachiavelli'sliteraryactivityandincreasinginfluence;buthedied,withinafewweeksof
5、theexpulsionoftheMedici,on22ndJune1527,inhisfifty-eighthyear,withouthavingregainedoffice.YOUTHAet.1-25--1469-94AlthoughthereislittlerecordedoftheyouthofMachiavelli,theFlorenceofthosedaysissowellknownthattheearlyenvironmentofthisrepresentativecitizenmaybeeasilyimagined.Florencehasbeendescribed
6、asacitywithtwooppositecurrentsoflife,onedirectedbytheferventandaustereSavonarola,theotherbythesplendour-lovingLorenzo.Savonarola'sinfluenceupontheyoungMachiavellimusthavebeenslight,foralthoughatonetimehewieldedimmensepoweroverthefortunesofFlorence,heonlyfurnishedMachiavelliwithasubjectofagibe
7、in"ThePrince,"whereheiscitedasanexampleofanunarmedprophetwhocametoabadend.WhereasthemagnificenceoftheMediceanruleduringthelifeofLorenzoappearedtohaveimpressedMachiavellistrongly,forhefrequentlyrecurstoitinhiswritings,anditis3ThePrincetoLorenz
