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1、马塘中学高三英语一轮复习语法专题---非谓语动词编写:顾海燕审核:徐吉钰非谓语动词非谓语动词(不能作谓语用)包括不定式、分词及动名词。一、动词不定式1.基本结构(不定式的否定式nottodo):主动式被动式一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/a)Apartyissaid___________________(hold)thedayaftertomorrow.b)Tomissaid___________________(study)abroadw
2、henhewasyoung.c)Mikeisreported_________________(swim)whentheearthquakehappened.2.动词不定式常考的功能: 1)Thequestiontobesolvedtomorrowisabouthowtoorganizetheactivity.(后置定语---表将要去做).2)Toachievehisgoal,hesparednoeffort.ShereadsChinaDailyeverydaysoastoimproveherEnglish.(目的
3、状语)(注:inorderto可以位于句首或句中,soasto不能位于句首。)思考:Hestayeduplate,_________(prepare)forthecomingexam.Hewasseatedinfrontoftheinterviewer,_________(prepare)toanswerallkindsofquestions.3)Wehurriedtotheairport,onlytofindthathehadgone.(△onlytodo…表示出乎意料的结果)△“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果
4、不能”eg:Heistooweaktodothework. 注:too之前如果有only,onlytoo表“非常”、“很”意,此时不定式不再表否定意,而表肯定意。如:Theyareonlytooluckytogoabroadforavisit.他们很幸运去国外访问。 另外,too后如果是happy,glad之类形容词时,不定式也表肯定意义, eg.Shewastoohappytomeetheroldfriendinthestreet.△在“形容词/副词+enough+不定式”结构中表“足以能…” eg.Heiss
5、trongenoughtodothework.4)Theteacheradvisedustohavearestfirst.//Ididn’tnoticethemcomein.(宾补)(注:一感:feel二听:hear,listento三让:have,make,let四看:lookat,see,watch,observe另注意:notice,等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to,但变为被动语态以后要带to,但help(帮助)后作宾补的动词不定式可带to,也可不带to.即helpsb.(to)do):二、分词1.分词形式:
6、主动式被动式现在分词一般式(表示分词表示的动词与谓语同时发生或分词动作发生后,谓语动作紧随发生)doingbeingdone现在分词完成式(表示分词表示的动作明显先于主句谓语动词的动作)havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词(表示动作的被动和完成)done2.语法功能:在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语。3.现在分词的基本用法:1)一般式用法:A.作定语Thefactory_________TVsetsisverylarge.(=ThefactorywhichmakesTVsetsisverylarge
7、.)Thewatch____________________isnotmine(=Thewatchwhichisbeingrepairedisnotmine.)Thebuilding___________(build)nowisacomputerlabThebuilding___________(build)soonisaschoollibrary.Thebuilding___________(build)lastyearisofgoodquality.B.5马塘中学高三英语一轮复习语法专题---非谓语动词编写:顾海
8、燕审核:徐吉钰作状语: ①时间状语:Readingtheletter,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyschoollife. ②原因状语:Beingill,Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterday. ③方式或伴随状语:MarystoodattheschoolgatewaitingforBetty.2)现在分词