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1、现在完成时：1．构成：have/has+过去分词2．功能：（1）表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet,just,before,recently,lately（最近）,ever,never等表时间的副词搭配使用。►.Hehasn'tseenherlately.►.Ihaven'tfinishedthebookyet.（2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：sofar（迄今为止）,uptillnow（直到现在）,since, foralongtime（很长时间）,uptop
2、resent（直到现在）,inthepast/inthelastfewyears（在过去的几年里）,thesedays（目前）……►.Hehasworkedherefor15years.►.IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.►.TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime.►.Sofar,Ihaven'treceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.（3）某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。黄金要点
3、：I．常见的非延续动词：die,arrive（到达）,join（加入）,leave（离开）,go,refuse（拒绝）,fail（失败）,finish,buy,marry,divorce（离婚）,awake（醒）,buy,borrow,lend... II．这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。III．但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。►.Shehasgoneawayforamonth.（误）►.Shehasbeenawayforamonth（正）►.Themanhasdiedfor
4、twoyears.（误）►.Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.（正）►.Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?（误）►.Howlonghaveyougotthebook.（正）9（4）注意since的用法：Theyhaven'thadanytroublesincetheycamehere.Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.►.Hehasbeenheresince1980.►.Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.几组对比：►.HehasgonetoS
5、hanghai.他到上海去了。►.HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。►.Shehasgone.她已走了。►.Sheisgone.她缺席了。（或者她死了。）►.Thedoorhasbeenclosed.门关上了。（动作）►.Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。（状态）测试精编1.Theprices________goingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.A.keep B.kept C.havekept D.arekeeping2.Forthewholeperiodoftwomo
6、nths,there________noraininthisarea.A.is B.willbe C.hasbeen D.havebeen3.TodayisJane'sweddingday.She________John.A.havejustmarriedwith B.wasjustmarriedtoC.hasjustbeenmarriedto D.justhasbeenmarriedto4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,they________anywaterforage
7、s.A.hadn't B.haven't C.haven'thad D.hadn'thad5.Nowadayscomputer________awideapplicationwiththedevelopmentofproductionandscience.A.found B.hasfound C.finds D.hadfound过去进行时：1．构成：were/was+现在分词92．功能：（1）表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。►.Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.►.WhenIarri
8、ved,theywerewatchingTV.►.Theyweredoinghouseworkthistim
