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ID:32472671
大小:1.73 MB
页数:78页
时间:2019-02-06
《焊缝自动识别与跟踪》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文力生动跟摘要焊接作为压倍受重视。缝的实时自自动识别与本文分析了焊缝自动识别与跟踪技术的现状,设计了以线阵CCD作为传感器、以砷化镓近红外发光二极管作为发光器件、以两台步迸电机驱动的具有水平和垂直两个方向自由度的十字滑轨装置作为纠偏调整机构、以单片机(主、从两机)作为控制器的焊缝跟踪系统。该系统采用窄带近红外光源,通过专门设计的光栅,形成了具有一定形式的光带,使像元一维几何排列的线阵CCD同时获得水平和垂直两维跟踪信息,大大降低了对环境条件的要求,提高了抗干扰性能。跟踪信息经放大、采样、A/D转换后,输入微机,通过微机计算、处理,得出机头上焊炬
2、位置与焊道(或坡口)中心位置的水平偏差及相对于焊件的垂直距离的偏差,输出纠偏信号,驱动步进电机,分别通过丝扛螺母转动带动焊炬作横向和垂直运动,调整焊炬的左右位置与相对于工件的高度,从而实现了埋弧焊机机头对焊道的两维跟踪。本文进行了线阵CCD焊逢跟踪装置实验。实验结果表明,在不同焊接速度和不同偏差角的情况下,该焊缝跟踪系统能较好地进行焊缝水平跟踪和高度控制,其水平跟踪精度为±0.4mm,垂直跟踪精哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文度为±1.Omm,能够满足一般埋弧焊接工艺的需要,是一种有应用前景的焊缝跟踪系统。关键词:焊缝;识别;传感器哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文Abstract
3、Pressurevesselsaremainpetrochemicalsinpetrochemicalequipmentmanufacturing.Researchersattachimportancetoweldingtechnologyasakeyworkingprocedureduringthecourseofpressurevesselsmanufacturethatinfluencesdirectlyqualityofthem.Withthedevelopmentoftheautomationinthewelding,theapplicationofthew
4、eldingseamtrackingsystembecomesmorenecessaryandmoreimportant,andtheautomaticreal—timeseamtrackingsystemintheweldingcoursehasbeenrecognizedasallimportantprobleminourcountryandinotherforeigncountries.Atpresent,therearemanymethodsonautomaticidentificationandtrackingofweldingseamsbutafewoft
5、hemcanbeputintoactionintherealenvironment.Inthispaper,Idescribethepresentsituationofweldingseams’automaticidentificationandtrackingtechnology.AweldingseamtrackingsystemcontrolledbySCMisdesignedwithaCCDsensorandlightapparatusofdiodewithGaAsascloseinfraredraySOUrCeofnarrowbandandacorrecti
6、nganerrorandadjustingsetwithaperpendicularslidingtrackdevicemovingtohorizontalandverticaldirectionsdrivenbytwoelectricmachineries.Thesystememployscloseinfraredraysourceofnarrowbandandformssomemodallightstrapbyspecialdesign.ThismakeslinearpointlatticeCCDobtainingtwo-dimensionaltrackingin
7、formationatthesametimeandgreatlylowerstherequirementtoenvironmentconditionsandimprovestheinterference—freequality.Aftertrackinginformationismagnifiedand哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文sampledandtransformedfromA/Dtheseputintocomputer.Horizontalerrorsbetweenweldingfire’Spositionandweldingtrack’Scen
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