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1、TalkingtoYourChildAfterYouYell如何避免冲孩子发脾气?Nearlyeveryparentlosescontrolandscreamsatthechildrennowandthen.Butwhatifyoudoitrepeatedly?几乎每一位父母都有情绪失控和对孩子高声叫嚷的时候。但如果你频频如此呢?Researcherssuspectparentsareyellingmore.Parentshavebeenconditionedtoavoidspanking,sotheyventtheira
2、ngerandfrustrationbyshoutinginstead.Threeoutoffourparentsyell,screamorshoutattheirchildrenorteensaboutonceamonth,onaverage,formisbehavingormakingthemangry,researchshows.Increasingly,therapistsandparentingexpertsarehominginonhowithurtsachild,aswellashowtostopit.研究人
3、员猜测,父母如今吼孩子比以前更频繁了。父母已经习惯于不动手打孩子屁股,因此他们会通过大喊大叫来发泄愤怒和不满。研究显示,四分之三的父母会因家中幼童或青少年犯错误或惹他们生气而吼叫、尖叫或大喊,平均每月一次。治疗师和家庭教育专家正越来越多地关注这类行为会对孩子产生何种伤害以及如何阻止这类行为。Raisingyourvoiceisn'talwaysbad.Loudlydescribingaproblemcancallattentiontoitwithouthurtinganyone,saysAdeleFaber,aparent
4、ingtrainerinRoslynHeights,N.Y.,andco-authorof'HowtoBetheParentYouAlwaysWantedtoBe.'Forexample:'Ijustmoppedthekitchenfloorandnowitiscoveredwithmuddyfootprints.'提高嗓门并不总是坏事。纽约州罗斯林海茨(RoslynHeights)的育儿培训师、《怎样成为理想中的父母》(HowtoBetheParentYouAlwaysWantedtoBe)一书作者之一阿黛尔·费伯(Ad
5、eleFaber)称,大声描述一个问题能在不伤害任何人的情况下引起关注。例如:“我刚刚拖过厨房地板,现在又被踩得到处是泥。”Yellingbecomesdamagingwhenitisapersonalattack,belittlingorblamingachildwithstatementssuchas'Whycan'tyoueverremember?'or,'Youalwaysgetthiswrong!'Ms.Fabersays.但费伯说,当你把吼叫作为人身攻击,用“你不能长点记性吗?”或者“你总是做错!”这种话来责备
6、或挖苦孩子时,就会给孩子带来伤害。Manyparentslosecontrolbecausetheytakechildren'smisbehaviororrebellionpersonally,researchshows:Theyfeelattackedorthinkthechild'sactionsreflectpoorlyonthem.Parentswhoseeachild'snegativeemotionsasunexpected,overwhelmingandupsettingtendtofeelmorethrea
7、tenedandfrustratedwitheachnewoutburst,saysastudypublishedearlierthismonthintheJournalofFamilyPsychology.Thispattern,called'emotionalflooding,'triggersadownwardspiralintherelationship,disruptingtheparent'sproblem-solvingabilityandfuelingemotionalreactions,suchasyel
8、ling.许多父母情绪失控是因为他们对孩子的错误或叛逆行为太较真。研究显示,他们会感觉自己受到攻击,或者认为孩子的行为让他们颜面尽失。《家庭心理学期刊》(JournalofFamilyPsychology)早些时候刊登的一项研究称,认为孩子的负面情绪出人意料、让人无所适从和令人沮丧的父母,往往会在孩子每