【5A版】采购各种模型图.ppt

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1、采购各种模型图帕累托的80/20法则帕累托100%80%累计年采购支出20%100%采购品种数量M11:U4:4.3-5HMLNNLMH供应风险评分(所有部件)NLMH影响评分影响/供应风险评分会议室租借.r电机整流管焊接材料调谐器晶体管-微型整流管会议租借喇叭外壳清洁物品.NLMH供应风险评分NLMH供应机会评分供应机会/风险比较SomelandM3:U3:4.8-7NLMH供应风险评分NLMH供应机会评分供应机会/风险的比较Someland国家A国家B国家E国untrF国家D国ountrCXXXM3:U3:4.8-10供应定位模型80%物品=20%价值2

2、0%物品=80%价值MHN支出影响力L大小M2:U5:5.4-13$作为确定优先顺序基础的供应定位模型80%的品种=20%的价值20%的品种=80%的价值MHNL$仪表.轮胎空调外壳材料ABS玻璃-刹车皮螺栓与螺母发动机坐椅音响HMLN支出影响/供应机会/风险等级Impact/supplyopportunity/riskrating影响/供应机会/风险等级Expenditure支出4类采购项目的特点、关心要点、谈判要点$80%ofitems=20%ofvalue20%ofitems=80%ofvalueITCMHNLM6:U2:2.4-6日常项目Routin

3、e杠杆项目Leverage瓶颈项Bottleneck关键项目Critical需要长期采购的日常项目的供应战略P34Numberofsuppliers:OneNatureofrelationship:MinimuminterventionTypeofcontract:Longtermcontract供应商类型：Typeofsupplier能够尽可能多地满足企业的需求响应积极，因此可以最大程度地降低企业进行干涉的需要将在长期内连续供应企业所需产品杠杆项目Leverageitems…arehighvalue&lowrisk,soyoushouldfocusonre

4、ducingcosts:P35M6:U2:2.6-1SupplystrategyforcontinuouslyrequiredleverageitemsElementofstrategyCase1:VeryhighswitchingcostsCase2:Lowpricevariability/negligibleswitchingcostsCase3:Lowpricevariability/relativelyhighswitchingcostsCase4:Highpricevariability/lowswitchingcostsCase5:Highpri

5、cevariability/relativelyhighswitchingcostsNumberofsuppliersOneManyOneManyTwoorthreeTypeofcontractTermcontract–typicallylongtermSpotTermcontractSpotTerm(framework)contract–typicallyovermediumtermTypeofsupplierLowestcostoverthecontracttermLowestcosttodayLowestcostovercontracttermLowe

6、stcosttodayLowestcostoverthecontractterm杠杆项目LeverageitemsITCM6:U2:2.6-2SupplystrategyforcontinuouslyrequiredleverageitemsElementofstrategyCase1:VeryhighswitchingcostsCase2:Lowpricevariability/negligibleswitchingcostsCase3:Lowpricevariability/relativelyhighswitchingcostsCase4:Highpr

7、icevariability/lowswitchingcostsCase5:NatureofrelationshipCo-operative(willnotexploitdominantpositiononcebuyeris“lockedin”)Arms-lengthArms-length(buyer-dominant)Arms-lengthCo-operativeHighpricevariability/relativelyhighswitchingcosts需要长期采购的瓶颈项目的供应战略P38Numberofsuppliers:One(possibly

8、two)Natureofrelationship:B