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1、本篇包括人卫第四版Unit3B，Unit4A，5A，8A，10A，12AB，13A等七篇课文Unit3TextBTheOtherSideofAntibiotics抗生素的另一面Antibioticshaveeliminatedorcontrolledsomanyinfectiousdiseasesthatvirtuallyeveryonehasbenefitedfromtheiruseatonetimeoranother.Evenwithoutsuchpersonalexperience,however,onewouldhavetobeisolatedindeedt
2、obeunawareofthevirtues,realandspeculative,ofthese“miracle”drugs1.TheAmericanpress,radio,andtelevisionhavedoneagoodjobofreportingthetrulyremarkablestoryofsuccessesinthechemicalwarongerms.What′smore,anyshortcomingsontheirparthavebeenmorethanmadeupforbytheaggressivepublicrelationsactivity
3、ofthepharmaceuticalcompanieswhichmanufactureandsellantibiotics.抗生素可以消除或控制很多种感染疾病，以致几乎每人生病时都习惯于使用它而受益，但是如果一个人没有这样的亲身经历，他必定是离群索居才会不知道这些“特效药物”或真实或推测的优点。美国的出版物、电台或电视台用大量的篇幅报道了有关对细菌的化学战中获得的这些显著功绩。而它的缺点却被生产和销售抗生素的制药公司通过公关活动掩藏了。Incomparison,theinadequaciesandpotentialdangersoftheseremarkabled
4、rugsaremuchlesswidelyknown.Andthelackofsuchknowledgecanbebad,especiallyifitleadspatientstopressuretheirdoctorsintoprescribingantibioticswhensuchmedicationisn’treallyneeded,orleadsthemtoswitchdoctorsuntiltheyfindonewhois,sotospeak,antibiotics-minded2.相比而言，使用这些药物的危险性并不广为人知。对这种知识的缺乏将更糟糕，特
5、别是当患者要求医生开处方用抗生素而事实并不需要，或患者频繁地更换医生直至找到一个同意开抗生素处方的医生。Becausethegoodsideoftheantibioticsstoryissoverywell-known,thereseemsmorepointheretoareviewofsomeoftheimmediateandlong-rangeproblemsthatcancomefromtoday’scasualuseofthesedrugs.Itshouldbemadeclearinadvancethatcalamitiesfromtheuseofantib
6、ioticsarerareinrelationtotheenormousamountsofthedrugsadministered.Butthepotentialhazards,solittletouchedongenerally,doneedaclearstatement.因为抗生素的好的一面已广为人知，今天抗生素的滥用导致短期或长期问题。我们预先应该知道与抗生素的巨大的使用量相比,它产生危害的例子是少见的。但是，尽管十分少见，需要对这种潜在的危险作一个清楚的说明。Theantibioticsarenot,strictlyspeaking,exclusivelyp
7、rescriptiondrugs.Anumberofthemarepermittedinsuchover-the-counterproductsasnasalsprays,lozenges,troches,creams,andointments.Eveniftheseproductsdonoharmthereisnopointwhatsoeverinusingthem.Ifyouhaveaninfectionseriousenoughtowarrantthelaunchingofchemicalwarfare,youneedmuchbiggerdosesofth
