4、ignalingpathwayshavebeencharacterized:thecanonicalWntpathway,thenoncanonicalplanar cellpolarity pathway,andthenoncanonicalWnt/calcium pathway.AllthreepathwaysareactivatedbybindingaWnt-protein ligand toa Frizzled family receptor,whichpassesthebiologicalsignaltothe Dishevelledprote