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1、·摘要晚清湖南经学为儒学地域化的重要内容,其基本构成为理学、今文经学和古文经学。在每块区域都有典型的代表人物,理学主要以曾国藩、罗泽南、刘蓉、郭嵩焘等为代表,研究今文经学的主要是魏源、王闿运、皮锡瑞三人,古文经学主要是以王先谦和叶德辉为典型,他们的思想各具特色。理学在清代湖南有着较强的传承性,尤其以岳麓书院为中心,这要追溯于南宋时期在湖南出现的湖湘学派,至晚清时节,理学的经世一面被曾国藩集团得到前所未有的弘扬,空疏的一面被摒弃了,内圣外王的本质色彩得到了复兴。今文经学家,魏源、王闿运、皮锡瑞治经各
2、有特色,但不堪被称为派系,魏源多方论证经学应重返西汉之微言大义,王闿运引庄入经颇具独创意识,而皮锡瑞治经多公允持平,为当时学界折服,有大师之称。湖南经学在晚清阶段便呈现出了其多样性,各种治学方向者都有,这也是湖南经学的一个特色。在区域化的比较中,晚清湖南的今文经学与时代潮流紧密相联,为近代经学的重要组成部分,理学更是独树一帜,一度执其牛耳,惟古文经学稍欠辉煌。在评价上,历来褒贬不一,无论怎样,作为地域学术的研讨,特别是放入当时的历史环境下考察,具有的就不单纯是狭隘的地域价值了。关键词:晚清湖南经学
3、地域化····2····AbstractStudyofConfucianclassicsofHunaninlateQingDynastywasan
importantcontentoftheConfucianismofregion;itismadeupofLixue,
theJinwenclassicsandtheGuwenclassicsbasically.Therearetypical
representativefiguresineacharea.ThemenwhostudiedLixuew
4、ere
ZengGuofan,LuoZenan,LiuRong,GuoSongtao,etc.,themenwho
studiedJinwenclassicswereWeiYuan,WangKaiyun,PiXirui,andthe
menwhostudiedGuwenclassicswereWangXianqian,YeDehui.Their
thoughtdifferedfromeachother.TherewasstrongpassingoninHunan
ofQingDynastyinLi
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ThisshouldtracebacktotheHu-xiangSchoolintheperiodofthe
SouthernSongDynasty.ByseasonforlateQing,thenational
administrationofLixuewaspromotedgreatlybyZenGuofanSchool
andtheemptysidewasabandoned,whichimpliedofthe
6、internalsaints
andexternalkings.AsfortheJinwenclassics,WeiYuan,WangKaiyun
andPiXiruihadtheirowncharacteristicsandcouldn’tberegardedas
oneschool.WeiYuanprovedthatstudyofConfucianclassicsshould
returntosublimewordswithdeepmeaningofwesternHanDynasty,
Wan
7、gKaiyun’sputtingZhuangZiintoConfucianclassicswasan
individualaction,andPiXiruiwasveryfairinstudyofclassics,which
wasknownasmaster.Hunan’sstudyofConfucianclassicsinQingstage
demonstrateditsvariety;therewerevariouskindsofpersonwhostudied
theclassics.Thi
8、swasacharacteristicofstudyofConfucianclassicsof
Hunan.Incomparisonarea,theJinwenclassicswerecloselylinkedto
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waspeoplealwaysh