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1、Lecture2—2英美概况TheAmericanCivilWarCivilWarTime:1861--1865Participants:theSouth(Democratic)andtheNorth(Republican)Cause:AbrahamLincolnwaselectedaspresidentThePreface:LincolnwaselectedasPresident---1860SouthCarolinavotedtoleavetheUnion---thesignalofthewarTheelevensouthernsta
2、tesformanindependentnation—theConfederateStatesofAmerica(beginning)TheCivilWar:UnionvsConfederacyTheprocessoftheCivilWarThefirststage(186i-1862)FailureafterfailurecametotheNorth.(seethecontrast)Thesecondstage：（1862，9—1865，4）TheEmancipationProclamation---1863,1,1HomesteadB
3、ill—1862,5BattleofGettysburg---1863,7.1,turningpointThethirdstage:thevictory.1865,4,2Richmondwasabandon.TheNorthTheSouthPopulation2234万910万IndustryDevelopedFewrailroadsmanyNearlyzeroMilitaryNotwellequippedFullyarmedSpecialfiguresinthewarLincoln(1809-1865)the16thpresidento
4、fAmerica.Sailor,worker,postman,salesmanHonestAbeWideinterests,readingbookslikeBible,worksofShakespeareAssassinatedin1865,4,14RobertLee（1807-70）罗伯特·李将军(10-3-3)AmericancommanderinchiefoftheConfederatearmyintheAmericanCivilWar.HismilitarygeniuswonhimtheadmirationbothSouthand
5、North.UlyssesSimpsonGrant(1822-85)格兰特（10-3-4）Acommander-in-chiefoftheUnionarmyintheCivilWar.Hewas18thpresidentofU.S.(1869-77).Hisadministrationwasmarkedbypartisanpoliticsandcorruption.SpecialFiguresintheWarHarrieBeecherStowe(1861--1896)哈里特·斯托Americanfemalewritermainworks:
6、UncleTom’sCabin林肯说过，一个小夫人和一本书引起了一场战争（美国内战)黑人奴隶的悲惨处境(10-2-3)UndergroundRailroad地下铁道specialbattleinthewarBattleofGettysburgturningpointofthewarlastingforthreedaysGettysburgAddressthatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheygavethelastfullmeasureofd
7、evotion--thatweherehighlyresolvethatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain--thatthisnation,underGod,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom--andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.Questions:WhatissuesdidtheWarresolve?WhatwasthenatureoftheCivilWar?Wh
8、atwasthesignificanceandeffectsoftheWar?ThenatureoftheCivilWar:bourgeoisrevolutionacontinuationan
