英美文学教程笔记

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1、EnglishLiteratureChapterOneEnglishLiteratureintheMiddleAge(5th-15th)Mainpoints:I.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.II.LiterarycharacteristicsoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.III.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-Normanperiod.IV.LiterarycharacteristicsoftheAngl

2、o-Normanperiod.V.ImportantliteraryworksandmenoflettersoftheAnglo-Normanperiod.VI.GeoffreyChaucerI.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-SaxonperiodTheperiodcanberoughlydividedintotwostages:theAnglo-SaxonperiodandtheAnglo-Normanperiod.1.Themakingofthenation.1.1Thei

3、nhabitantsofthenationThenativeCelts凯尔特人(theyinhabitinwhatisnowIreland,WalesandScotland)-------theRomanConquest(thisconquestwasledbyJuliusCaesarin55B.C.,whichlasted4centuries,butitmadelittleinfluenceonthenation’sliterature)-------theAnglo-SaxonConquestinabout

4、449bythreeTeutonictribes条顿部落---theAnglos,theSaxons,theJutes.TheAnglo-SaxonswereChristianizedinthe7thcentury,whichinfluencedtheliteratureintwoaspects:oneisthegreatnumberofChristianpoetrywhichformsanimportantpartofEnglishliteratureofthisperiod;theotherisChrist

5、iancolorinpaganworks,forthemonksrecordedtheoralliteraturewiththeirChristianideas.(Theideasusuallydonotgowiththecontentofthewholebeing.)1.2ThelanguageInthe7th,thethreetribesmixedintoawholepeoplecalledEnglishandthelanguagespokenbythemisgenerallycalledAnglo-Sax

6、on,thatistheOldEnglish.II.LiterarycharacteristicsoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.Themainliteraryformoftheperiodispoetryandtherearetwogroups:paganpoetryandreligiouspoetry,andoftenChristianone.ThemostimportantworksleftisBeowulf《贝奥武甫》or《贝尔武夫》TheintroductiontoBeowulfItis

7、theearliestcompleteepicinEnglishliteratureanditisregardedasthenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople.-----Definitionofepicornationalepic史诗:itisapoeticaccountofthedeedsofoneormoregreatheroes,orofanation’spasthistory.-----3182lines,twopartswithaninterpolationbetweenth

8、etwo.-----Thethemeofthepoem:Beowulfisoneofthenation’sheroesoftheEnglishpeople.Withthedescriptionsofhisheroicdeeds,thesongreflectseventstakingplaceontheScandinavianpeninsulaatthebeginningofthe7th