英美文学教程笔记

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1、EnglishLiteratureChapterOneEnglishLiteratureintheMiddleAge(5th-15th)Mainpoints:I.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.II.LiterarycharacteristicsoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.III.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-Normanperiod.IV.Literarycharacteristicsofth

2、eAnglo-Normanperiod.V.ImportantliteraryworksandmenoflettersoftheAnglo-Normanperiod.VI.GeoffreyChaucerI.BackgroundinformationoftheAnglo-SaxonperiodTheperiodcanberoughlydividedintotwostages:theAnglo-SaxonperiodandtheAnglo-Normanperiod.1.Themakingofthenati

3、on.1.1TheinhabitantsofthenationThenativeCelts凯尔特人(theyinhabitinwhatisnowIreland,WalesandScotland)-------theRomanConquest(thisconquestwasledbyJuliusCaesarin55B.C.,whichlasted4centuries,butitmadelittleinfluenceonthenation’sliterature)-------theAnglo-Saxon

4、Conquestinabout449bythreeTeutonictribes条顿部落---theAnglos,theSaxons,theJutes.TheAnglo-SaxonswereChristianizedinthe7thcentury,whichinfluencedtheliteratureintwoaspects:oneisthegreatnumberofChristianpoetrywhichformsanimportantpartofEnglishliteratureofthisper

5、iod;theotherisChristiancolorinpaganworks,forthemonksrecordedtheoralliteraturewiththeirChristianideas.(Theideasusuallydonotgowiththecontentofthewholebeing.)1.2ThelanguageInthe7th,thethreetribesmixedintoawholepeoplecalledEnglishandthelanguagespokenbythemi

6、sgenerallycalledAnglo-Saxon,thatistheOldEnglish.II.LiterarycharacteristicsoftheAnglo-Saxonperiod.Themainliteraryformoftheperiodispoetryandtherearetwogroups:paganpoetryandreligiouspoetry,andoftenChristianone.ThemostimportantworksleftisBeowulf《贝奥武甫》or《贝尔武

7、夫》TheintroductiontoBeowulfItistheearliestcompleteepicinEnglishliteratureanditisregardedasthenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople.-----Definitionofepicornationalepic史诗:itisapoeticaccountofthedeedsofoneormoregreatheroes,orofanation’spasthistory.-----3182lines,t

8、wopartswithaninterpolationbetweenthetwo.-----Thethemeofthepoem:Beowulfisoneofthenation’sheroesoftheEnglishpeople.Withthedescriptionsofhisheroicdeeds,thesongreflectseventstakingplaceontheScandinavianpeninsulaatthebeginningofthe7th