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ID:23813313
大小:15.70 MB
页数:62页
时间:2018-11-10
《水性聚氨酯的合成与应用》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、摘要摘要活性染料是纤维素纤维染色的主要染料,但活性染料的湿摩牢度很低。虽然国际标准及国内标准都规定湿摩牢度2-3级即可达标,但近年来消费者对湿摩牢度的要求越来越苛刻,往往要求3级以上才能接受,而目前染色纺织品尤其是深浓色纺织品的湿摩擦牢度往往达不到要求。因此提高湿摩牢度已成为困扰印染界的一大难题。本课题合成出一种新型的以二异氰酸酯和低分子聚醚为原料的、成本适中的、集吸附、沉淀、成膜、固色、交联五种机理于一身的水性聚氨酯型湿摩擦牢度提升剂(湿摩提升剂CW),确定了其合成工艺:n(PPG)/n(PEG)=1:1,R值(-NCO/-OH的物质的量比)=1.05,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)用量为
2、3.07%,扩链剂二乙烯三胺和交联剂环氧氯丙烷与MDI的物质的量之比为1:1:1;预聚反应温度为70℃,预聚反应时间为2.5h;与二乙烯三胺的反应温度为50℃,时间为2h;与环氧氯丙烷反应温度为50℃,时间为30min。通过实验摸索,确定了湿摩牢度提升剂CW的应用工艺:两浸两轧(湿摩提升剂CW30g/l,整理液pH值为7~8,轧液率为(100%~110%)→烘干(100℃)→焙烘(150℃×120S)应用结果表明,织物经湿摩提升剂CW处理后,湿摩擦牢度明显提高,达到3级。本课题的创新点在于将在溶剂型聚氨酯合成中所用的原料MDI移植到水性聚氨酯的合成工艺中,为MDI在水性聚氨酯方面的应用
3、开辟新路。关键词湿摩擦牢度提升剂;活性染料;二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI);合成;应用VAbstractAbstractReactivedyeisthemaindyeincellulosicfibersdyeing,butthewetrubbingfastnessofreactivedyesisverypoor.Theinternationalstandardsanddomesticstandardsallowthewetrubbingfastnessislevel2-3,butconsumershavebecomesoincreasinglyharshdemandingforthew
4、etrubbingfastnessinrecentyearsthattheyoftenrequirethestandardisabovelevel3.However,thepresentdyeingtextiles,especiallythetextilesindeepcolorarenotabletosatisfytheconsumers.Therefore,toimprovethewetrubbingfastnesshasbecomeamajorchallengepersecutingcurrentdyeingindustry.Anewtypeofmoderateaqueouspo
5、lyurethane-typewetrubbingfastnessimproverwhichiscalledaswetrubbingfastnessimproverCWwassynthesized.Theimproverismadeupofdiisocyanateandlowmolecularpolyetherandworkswithfivemechanismsinone-adsorption,precipitation,filmforming,fixing,andcross-linking.Thesynthesisprocessisdeterminedasfollows:n(PPG)
6、/n(PEG)=1:1:1;Rvalues(-NCO/-OHofthemolarratio)=1.05;dimethylolpropionicacid(DMPA)dosageof3.07%;themountratioofchainextenderagentdiethylenetriamine,epichlorohydrincross-linkerandMDI1:1:1;pre-polymerizationtemperature70℃,pre-polymerizationtime2.5h;diethylenetriaminereactiontemperature50℃,reactiont
7、ime2h;theepichlorohydrinreactiontemperature50℃,reactiontime30min.Throughexperiments,theapplicationprocessofwetrubbingfastnessimproverCWisestablishedasfollows:two-dip-two-nip(CW30g/l,pH7~8,pick-up100%~110%)→drying(100℃)→curin
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