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1、高中英语非谓语动词经典用法讲解语态形式主动被动不定式一般式进行式完成式现在分词一般式完成式过去分词★非谓语动词(doing/todo)作主语非谓语动词能用作主语的只有不定式和动名词,它们在这一用法上略有区别:1.表示泛指或经常性的事情用动名词作主语;表示特指,个别的,具体的动作或表示将来的意思时,只能用不定式作主语。①Swimmingisinteresting.②Toswimwithmygoodfriendisinteresting.2.1)不定式短语和动名词短语作主语时常用形式主语it引导。 Itisnoteasytomasteraforeignlangua
2、ge.掌握一门外语不容易。2)在itisnogood/use/help/point/sense…,itisawasteoftimedoing...和thereisno…等句式中,一般用动名词,不可用不定式代替。①Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。②Itisnogoodwritingtohim;heneveranswersletters.Isthereanygoodtryingtoexplain?解释会有用吗3)不定式的复合结构常用“it+be+adj.+for/ofsb.+不定式”的句式,其中不定式是真正的主语。①Itisne
3、cessaryforustodosomemorepractice.我们必须多做一些练习。②Itisreallykindofyoutosayso.你这样说真是太好了。若主语和表语都是非谓语动词,应保持形式上的一致。Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.★不定式、动名词作宾语用法要点一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语,10Decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg
4、,help,afford,例如:①ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.②Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.二、下列动词只能用动名词作宾语,请牢记下列小诗:consider/suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon,admit,delay/putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate,can’thelp,mind,allow/pe
5、rmit,escape,imagine,forbid,risk此外beusedto,lookforwardto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,objectto,getdownto,payattentionto,can’tstand(无法忍受),giveup,feellike,insiston,putoff,thankyoufor,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime/difficulty(in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语。①T
6、hesquirrelswasluckythattheyjustmissedbeingcaught.②IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.③Iwouldappreciateyourcallingbackthisafternoon.三、下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别,要特别注意。1.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事 forgetdoingsth. 忘记已经做过某事remembertodosth.记住去做某事
7、 rememberdoingsth.记得曾经做过某事regrettodosth.后悔/遗憾去做某事 regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事 stopdoingsth.停止做一件事情trytodosth.努力/试图做某事 trydoingsth.尝试着做某事meantodosth.意欲/想/企图做某事 meandoingsth.意味着做某事goontodosth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事goondoingsth.继续做同一件事(=goonwithsth.)c