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1、Pharmacologicaltreatmentofacute&chronicRhinitisRHINITISAninflammation&swellingofmucousmembraneofthenoseفيالمحاضرهركزعلىالادويهوهذيالمعلوماتالاكلينيكيهقراءهفقطSymptomsofRhinitisRunnynose,sneezing,itchynose/eyes&stuffinessاختناقCausesofRhinitisMostcommonCold&allergies----Attackmaybeprecipitatedbyinh
2、alationofanallergen(dust,pollen,animaldander)TypesofRhinitisAcuteRhinitisShortlivedتدوملفترهقصيره;resultsfromviralinfections+othercauses(allergies)Symptoms=runnynose,sneezing,congestion,postnasaldrip,cough&lowgradefeverCont…ii)ChronicRhinitisLong-standingUsuallyoccurwithchronicsinusitis(chronicrhi
3、nosinusitis)ChronicrhinitisisusuallyanextensionofrhinitiscausedbyinflammationoraninfectionItmayalsooccurwithdisease(syphilisالزهري,tuberculosis,leishmaniasisمرضناتجعنالاصابهبطفيل&rhinosporidiosisمرضفطري)PathogenesisofAllergicRhinitisTreatmentofRhinitisمنهناابداالحفظوالتركيزNon-pharmacologicalthera
4、pyAvoidanceofirritantsDusting/vacuumingكنس;washingofbedsheetsIntakeoffluidsRestSurgeryCont….Pharmacologicaltherapy1-Antihistamines(H1receptorantagonists)2--Adrenergicagonists3-Corticosteroids4-Cromolynتستسخدمللوقايهفقط(لاتستخدمللحالاتالطارئه)5-Antibiotics(notrelievesymptomsofallergicrhinitis)Anti
5、histaminesAgentsblocktheactionsofhistamineClassicalantihistamines=H1receptorantagonistsHistamineBiologicallyactiveaminefunctionsasneurotransmitter;SynthesizedfromhistidineاسمحمضامينيDistributedinmastcells,basophils,neuronsofbrain,cellsofstomachHistaminereceptorsThreetypesH1-receptors=Smoothmuscles
6、,endothelialcellsofbloodvessels&brainH2-receptors=Parietalcellsofstomach,heartmuslces,mastcells,brainH3-receptors(presynaptic)=brain,myentericالعضليهالمعويهplexusظفيرهالاعصابofGIT,otherneuronsEffectsofhistamineCVSHeartStimulation(H2)=dilatationofarterioles&precapillarysphinctersمفتاحالتحكم(عضلهتتح
7、كمبحجمالوعاءاوالفتحه)SBP+DBP(heartrate;decreaseB.PGITAcidproduction(stimulationofH2)+intestinalsecretionContractionofsmmuscles(H1receptorstimulation)RespiratorytractهوالليعليهالعلمالباقيشكلالدكتورمتحمسBronchoc
