【持续性肾脏替代治疗crrt英文精品课件】focus on dialysis

《【持续性肾脏替代治疗crrt英文精品课件】focus on dialysis》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、FocusonDialysisMosby,chapter47S.Buckley,RN,MSFall,N246KidneysFunction:principalorgansoftheurinarysystem.Primaryfunctionsare:1.regulatethevolumeandcompositionofextracellularfluid(ECF)2.excretewasteproductsfromthebodyAdditionalfunctionsofkidneysControlBPProduceerythropoietin(stimulatesproductionof

2、RBC’s)ActivatevitaminDRegulateacidbasebalance(renin,angiotensen)Whytheneedfordialysis?Renalfailure-completeorpartialimpairmentofkidneyfunctionresultinginaninabilitytoexcretemetabolicwasteproductsandfluid,aswellascausingfunctionaldisturbancesofallbodysystems.RenalfailureAcute(ARF)-syndromecharacer

3、izedbyarapidlossofrenalfunctionwithprogressiveazotemia.MortalityrateforintrarenalARFis~50%Chronic(CKD)-usuallydevelopsslowlyovermonthstoyearsandnecessitatestheinitiationofdialysisortransplantation.termsrelatedtothephasesofrenalfailureOliguria-diminishedurineoutputrelatedtoinadequateperfusionofkid

4、ney.U/O<400ml/day.Uremia-conditioninwhichrenalfunctiondeclinesandsymptomsdevelop.AccumulationofmetabolicbyproductsthatarenormallyexcretedbythekidneystermsAnuria-absenceofurineformation.Polyuria-largevolumesofurineHematuria-bloodinurineAnemia-hemoglobin(Hgb)<13g/dl,(OccursinmostpatientswithCKD)Pru

5、ritis-itchingorburningskin.UrineformationOutcomeofmultistepprocessoffiltration,reabsorption,secretion,andexcretionofwater,electrolytes,andmetabolicwasteproducts.Urineisresultofprocess,butprimaryfunctionistofilterthebloodandmaintainthebody’sinternalhomeostasis.GlomerularfiltrationUrineformationbeg

6、insattheglomerulus,wherebloodisfiltered.Glomerulusissemipermeablemembranetheallowsfiltration.Thehydrostaticpressureofthebloodwithintheglomerularcapillariescausesaportionofthebloodtobefilteredacrossthemembrane.GlomerularfiltrationrateTheamountofbloodfilteredbytheglomeruliinagiventimeistermedtheglo

7、merularfiltrationrate(GFR).NormalGFR=125ml/min.CreatinineclearanceMostcommonindicatorusedtoanalyzeurinarysystemdisorders(creatinineclearance).Creatinineisawasteproductproducedbymusclebreakdown.Urinaryexcretionisameasur