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1、常见Internet术语表ADN(AdvancedDigitalNetwork)--Usuallyreferstoa56Kbpsleased-line.AppletAsmallJavaprogramthatcanbeembeddedinanHTMLpage.Appletsdifferfromfull-fledgedJavaapplicationsinthattheyarenotallowedtoaccesscertainresourcesonthelocalcomputer,suchasfilesandserialdevices(modems,p
2、rinters,etc.),andareprohibitedfromcommunicatingwithmostothercomputersacrossanetwork.ThecurrentruleisthatanappletcanonlymakeanInternetconnectiontothecomputerfromwhichtheappletwassent.ArchieAtool(software)forfindingfilesstoredonanonymousFTPsites.Youneedtoknowtheexactfilenameora
3、substringofit.ARPANet(AdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyNetwork)--TheprecursortotheInternet.Developedinthelate60’sandearly70’sbytheUSDepartmentofDefenseasanexperimentinwide-area-networkingthatwouldsurviveanuclearwar.ASCII(AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange)--Thisisthed
4、efactoworld-widestandardforthecodenumbersusedbycomputerstorepresentalltheupperandlower-caseLatinletters,numbers,punctuation,etc.Thereare128standardASCIIcodeseachofwhichcanberepresentedbya7digitbinarynumber:0000000through1111111.BackboneAhigh-speedlineorseriesofconnectionsthat
5、formsamajorpathwaywithinanetwork.Thetermisrelativeasabackboneinasmallnetworkwilllikelybemuchsmallerthanmanynon-backbonelinesinalargenetwork.BandwidthHowmuchstuffyoucansendthroughaconnection.Usuallymeasuredinbits-per-second.AfullpageofEnglishtextisabout16,000bits.Afastmodemcan
6、moveabout15,000bitsinonesecond.Full-motionfull-screenvideowouldrequireroughly10,000,000bits-per-second,dependingoncompression.BaudIncommonusagethebaudrateofamodemishowmanybitsitcansendorreceivepersecond.Technically,baudisthenumberoftimespersecondthatthecarriersignalshiftsvalu
7、e-forexamplea1200bit-per-secondmodemactuallyrunsat300baud,butitmoves4bitsperbaud(4x300=1200bitspersecond).BBS(BulletinBoardSystem)--Acomputerizedmeetingandannouncementsystemthatallowspeopletocarryondiscussions,uploadanddownloadfiles,andmakeannouncementswithoutthepeoplebeingco
8、nnectedtothecomputeratthesametime.Therearemanythousands(millions?)of