综合(高中)信息技术-高中(综合)-常见internet术语表

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1、常见Internet术语表ADN(AdvancedDigitalNetwork)--Usuallyreferstoa56Kbpsleased-line.AppletAsmallJavaprogramthatcanbeembeddedinanHTMLpage.Appletsdifferfromfull-fledgedJavaapplicationsinthattheyarenotallowedtoaccesscertainresourcesonthelocalcomputer,suchasfilesandserialdevices(modems,printers,etc.),a

2、ndareprohibitedfromcommunicatingwithmostothercomputersacrossanetwork.ThecurrentruleisthatanappletcanonlymakeanInternetconnectiontothecomputerfromwhichtheappletwassent.ArchieAtool(software)forfindingfilesstoredonanonymousFTPsites.Youneedtoknowtheexactfilenameorasubstringofit.ARPANet(Advanced

3、ResearchProjectsAgencyNetwork)--TheprecursortotheInternet.Developedinthelate60’sandearly70’sbytheUSDepartmentofDefenseasanexperimentinwide-area-networkingthatwouldsurviveanuclearwar.ASCII(AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange)--Thisisthedefactoworld-widestandardforthecodenumbersused

4、bycomputerstorepresentalltheupperandlower-caseLatinletters,numbers,punctuation,etc.Thereare128standardASCIIcodeseachofwhichcanberepresentedbya7digitbinarynumber:0000000through1111111.BackboneAhigh-speedlineorseriesofconnectionsthatformsamajorpathwaywithinanetwork.Thetermisrelativeasabackbon

5、einasmallnetworkwilllikelybemuchsmallerthanmanynon-backbonelinesinalargenetwork.BandwidthHowmuchstuffyoucansendthroughaconnection.Usuallymeasuredinbits-per-second.AfullpageofEnglishtextisabout16,000bits.Afastmodemcanmoveabout15,000bitsinonesecond.Full-motionfull-screenvideowouldrequirerough

6、ly10,000,000bits-per-second,dependingoncompression.BaudIncommonusagethebaudrateofamodemishowmanybitsitcansendorreceivepersecond.Technically,baudisthenumberoftimespersecondthatthecarriersignalshiftsvalue-forexamplea1200bit-per-secondmodemactuallyrunsat300baud,butitmoves4bitsperbaud(4x300=120

7、0bitspersecond).BBS(BulletinBoardSystem)--Acomputerizedmeetingandannouncementsystemthatallowspeopletocarryondiscussions,uploadanddownloadfiles,andmakeannouncementswithoutthepeoplebeingconnectedtothecomputeratthesametime.Therearemanythousands(millions?)of