lesson 10 boiler management

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1、Lesson10BoilerManagement1.Generalmanagementprinciplesandoperatingproceduresarewellknownandmustalwaysbefollowedtoavoidboilermishaps['mɪs.hæp](意外事故、损坏).Inparticular:锅炉的一般管理规则和操作程序已经众所周知了，必须遵守以避免锅炉的损坏。特别(尤其)是：2.Withmanysmallpackageboilers,theautomaticcon

2、trolsequenceusuallyensuresthattheboilerfireisinitiallyignitedfromadieseloilsupply，andchangedovertotheusualsourcewhenignitioniscompleted.对许多小型组装式锅炉（来说），自动控制程序通常能确保最初使用轻油点火，点火完成后换用正常使用的燃料。Withgoodmanagement,tofacilitatesubsequent[‘sʌbsɪkwənt](随后的,后来的)st

3、artingfromcold,thefuelsystemoflargeboilerswillhavebeenflushedthrough[θru](彻底)withdieseloilwhentheboilerwasonlightdutyimmediatelypriortobeingsecured.管理良好的大型锅炉，为方便下次冷炉启动，在停炉前负荷较低时，使用柴油彻底冲洗系统。Whenburningsuchdieselfuelitisessentialforsafetythatonlythecorr

4、ect(small)burnertip(锅炉燃烧器喷油嘴)shouldbeused.Itshouldbekeptinmindthatiffiredoesnotlight,immediatelyshutofffuelandventfurnace.当燃用轻柴油时，为安全起见，仅可使用合适的（小的）燃烧器。应当牢记，如果点火失败，应立即切断燃油并后扫风。3.Completeignitionoffuelinthefurnaceisessential.Theburnerflame，thesmokeindic

5、ator(烟气指示器)andthefunnelshouldbefrequentlyobserved.燃油在炉膛内的充分燃烧非常必要。应不断观察燃烧火焰、排烟指示器和烟囱。Withsatisfactorycombustion,theflameshouldappearincandescent(白炽的）withanorangeshade(色度）attheflametip，andafaint(微弱的)brownish(褐色)haze(烟雾、薄雾)shouldshowatthefunnel.当燃烧良好时，火

6、焰看起来是白炽色的，火焰前端呈橘黄色，烟囱冒出的是淡褐色的烟。Ifonfirstignitiontheflameisuncertain,badlyshapedandseparatedfromtheprimaryswirler(旋流），momentaryopeningorclosingofairregister(调风门)(airregulator)maycorrect.如果首次燃烧时火焰不稳定，火焰形状很差并和主配风器分离，可时不时地开关调风器来进行调整。4.ThepHvalueoftheboile

7、rfeedwatershouldbekeptbetween8and9andtheboilerdensitylessthan300ppm.锅炉给水的PH值应保持在8-9之间且浓度小于300ppm.But，ifwatersamplesshowaheavyconcentrationofsuspendedmater，shortblow-downsof20secondsduration（持续)shouldbegivenuntilthesludgecontentisseenreduced.但是，如果水样显示悬

8、浮物浓度太大，应短时排污20秒，直到浮渣含量呈现减少为止。Theboilershouldbeblowndownwhentheoilburnerisoperating,thewaterlevelloweredandthenrestoredtoprovethefunctioningofthelowwatercut-outandtheoilburnerstart-upequipment.锅炉应当在燃烧器工作的时候进行排污，其水位下降并恢复以证明低水位切断和燃烧器启动设备功能正常。Theb