细胞核和染色体 1 ppt课件

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1、第十章细胞核与染色体chapter10NucleusandChromosome主讲人：高志芹2IntroductionDouble-membrane-enclosedorganelleSeparatesthegeneticmaterialfromthesurroundingcytoplasm.Principalfeaturethatdistinguisheseukaryotesfromprokaryotes3Size:Nuclei(sing.nucleus)rangeinsizefromabout1μmto

2、morethan10μmindiameter.Number:Mostcellsonlycontainonenucleus.-skeletalmusclecellshavemanynuclei-matureredbloodcellshavenone.Appearance:NucleivaryinappearanceaccordingtocelltypeandorganismIntroduction4Nucleus,复数nuclei细胞核的概念Thelargestandmostimportantorganell

3、eRegulationcenterofcellheredityandmetabolism.细胞核是真核细胞内最大、最重要的细胞器，是细胞遗传与代谢的调控中心。5TheNucleusStructureTheinterphasenucleusisahighlyorganizedstructurethatconsistsofthenuclearenvelope,nucleolus,chromatin,andnucleoplasm,etc.6NucleusStructureNuclearenvelope(核被膜)N

4、ucleolus(核仁)Chromatin(染色质)Nuclearmatrix(核基质)7NucleusstructureNuclearenvelope（核被膜）(nuclearmembrane-isadoublemembranesurroundingthenucleusanditsfluid.Chromatin（染色质）-geneticmaterialNucleolus（核仁）-dark-stainingstructureinthenucleusthatplaysaroleinmakingribosome

5、sNucleoplasm(核基质)-isahighlyviscousliquidthatsurroundsthechromatinandnucleoli(sing.nucleous)8nucleusHeterochromatineuchromatinchromatinNuclearmembranenucleolusNucleoplasmCellmembraneCytoplasmNucleusStructureCellintheinterohase9NucleusStructure10NPR=Vn/(Vc-V

6、n)核质比(nucleoplasmicratio,NPR)11MaincontentsSection1nuclearenvelopeandnuclearporecomplexSection2chromatinSection3chromatinstructureandgeneactivationSection4chromosomeSection5nucleolusSection6nuclearmatrix12Section1nuclearenvelopeandnuclearporecomplex第一节核被膜与

7、核孔复合体Nuclearenvelope(核被膜)StructureandcompositionofnuclearenvelopeDisassemblyandassemblyofthenuclearenvelopeNuclearporecomplex（核孔复合体）ModelofNPCStudyaboutNPCFunctionsofNPC13Structureandcompositionofnuclearenvelope14StructureofnuclearenvelopeNuclearenvelopeOu

8、termembrane(外核膜)Innermembrane(内核膜)Nuclearporecomplex,NPC(核孔)Perinuclearspace(核周间隙)Nuclearlamina(核纤层)InnermembraneOutermembraneNPCNuclearlaminaPerinuclearspace15Structureofnuclearenvelopeinnermembraneandouterm