【社会学】官僚科层制的政治经济学

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1、ThePoliticalEconomyofBureaucracyThePoliticalEconomyofBureaucracyappliesPublicChoicetheoryandacomplexsystemsviewofgovernmentinstitutionstoanalyzepolicyimplementa-tionasaneconomicprocess.Itaddressesthecommonandvexingquestionofwhymanagingfederalagenciesforresultsissodifficultbychallengi

2、ngtradi-tionalassumptionsofinstitutionaldesignandpolicyanalysis.Usingcreativemethodsthatfocusonrelationshipsthatconstrainthechoicesofexecutivesandmanagersinapoliticalhierarchy,theauthorrevealscontrolandcoordinationasgoalsthatareimperfectlyachievedandoftenconflictingwithoneanother.Des

3、pitedecadesofintensestudy,seriousreformeffortsandimpressivetechnologicaladvances,theUSgovernmentremainsatypicalbureaucracythatfailstomeetcitizens’expectations.Clearly,policyanalysisismissingsome-thing.Theproblemmayrestwith“machine”modelsofgovernment.Rules,especiallythosegoverningexpe

4、nditures,areassumedtobefeasibleandeffect-ive.Analysisofthefederalgovernmentasacomplexsystemofrelationshipsbetweensemi-autonomousagentshelpsexplainthedisconnectbetweenpolicyandresults.Thesolutionistorollbackmicromanagementofendsandmeans;policymakersshouldfocusonobjectivesandfacilitate

5、implementationbyselec-tivelyrelaxingconstraintsthatpreventexperimentationneededtodeterminethemosteffectivemethods.Thisbookdevotesunusualattentiontotheinteractionbetweenexecutiveandlegislativebranchesofgovernmentandbetweenpoliticalappointeesandcareercivilservants.Moststudiesofgovernme

6、ntpolicytakeexistinginstitutionalstructureforgranted.Differentconclusionsemergefromthisanalysisbyvirtueofthesystemsviewthatacceptsstatusquohierarchiesbutquestionstheeffec-tivenessoftherulesthatgovernpolicyimplementation.ThisbookwillbeofinteresttopostgraduatesandresearchersfocusingonE

7、conomicTheory,PublicChoice,InstitutionalEconomicsandPoliticalScience,aswellastothoseworkinginthepublicsectorinterestedinPublicAdministration,PublicPolicyandOrganizationalBehavior.StevenRichardsonisaProgramSpecialistintheDepartmentofLabor’sCenterforProgramPlanningandResults,USA.Hehold

8、saPh.D.inEco