自考英语词汇学笔记

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1、Chapter11-Thedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpoints:(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage;(2)asoundunity;(3)aunitofmeaning;(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence.Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.2-SoundandMeaning:  symbolicconne

2、ctionisalmostalwaysarbitraryandconventional.Adogiscalledadognotbecausethesoundandthethreelettersthatmakeupthewordjustautomaticallysuggesttheanimalinquestion.3-OldEnglish,thespeechofthetimewasrepresentedverymuchmorefaithfullyinwritingthanitistoday.Theinternalreasonforthisisthatt

3、heEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachsoundinthelanguagesothatsomelettersmustdodoubledutyorworktogetherincombination.Anotherreasonisthatthepronunciationhaschangedmorerapidlythanspellingovertheyears,andinsomecasesthetwohavedrawnfa

4、rapart.  Athirdreasonisthatsomeofthedifferenceswerecreatedbytheearlyscribes.Finallycomestheborrowing,whichisanimportantchannelofenrichingtheEnglishvocabulary.5-Vocabulary:Allthewordsinalanguagemakeupitsvocabulary.  Notonlycanitrefertothetotalnumberofthewordsinalanguage,butitcan

5、standforallthewordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod.Wealsouseittorefertoallthewordsofagivendialect,agivenbook,agivendisciplineandthewordspossessedbyanindividualperson.Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisovermillionwords.wordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod.W

6、ealsouseittorefertoallthewordsofagivendialect,agivenbook,agivendisciplineandthewordspossessedbyanindividualperson.Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisovermillionwords.wordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod.Wealsouseittorefertoallthewordsofagivendialect,agivenbo

7、ok,agivendisciplineandthewordspossessedbyanindividualperson.Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisovermillionwords.wordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod.Wealsouseittorefertoallthewordsofagivendialect,agivenbook,agivendisciplineandthewordspossessedbyanindividualp

8、erson.Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabul