2011年国家级立项科技计划项目ppt培训课件

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1、Sexvs.GenderGENDER-RELATEDBEHAVIORConceptsSexvs.GenderThirdGendersBiologicalvs.SocialMaleBerdacheHijrasBiologicalvs.SocialFemalefa’afafinesGuevodocheEunuchsCastratiPseudo-hermaphroditismInstitutionalizedHomosexualityPatriarchalSocietyMatriarchalSocietyUniformitar

2、ianismOccam'sRazorCorrelationdoesnotprovecausality.Typicaldoesnotmean"natural." Aconstantcannotexplainavariable.EthnobiologyDichotomousvs.ContinuousSexualParadigmAristotelianvs.Galileanessentialistvs.conditionalInfrastructureStructureSuperstructureCalperniaAdda

3、msisapre-operativetranssexualHermaphroditesa.k.a.IntersexualsJamieLeeCurtis*****MaleorFemale?Dr.AnneFausto-Sterlinghasproposedthatwereplaceourtwo-sexsystemwithafive-sexsystem:MalesFemales,Herms("true"hermaphrodites)Merms(male"pseudohermaphrodites")Ferms(female"ps

4、eudohermaphrodites")FromaDichotomoustoaContinuousModelofSexualityDichotomousMaleFemaleContinuousMaleFemaleFormsofSexualityInNatureTypologicalApproach:Thecategoriesarereal.Race,species,sex,cultures,etc.Behaviorisexplainedintermsofthecategories.(Aristotelian)Popula

5、tionApproach:Individualsarereal.Categoriesareonlyabstractions.Behaviorisexplainedintermsofconditionalfactors.(Galileian)SOURCE:“WhytheCassowaryisnotabird”,R.Bulmer,Man,Vol.2,Issue1,(Mar.1967)ClassificationoftheCassowaryamongtheKaremofNewGuineaSpeciesHybridization

6、Mallard–PintailHybridizationRedWolfSpeciesHybridizationCoyoteGrayWolfCircularOverlapMaleMaleFemaleFemaleAsymmetricalSterilityYESNO64%ofhumansocietiessurveyedeithercondoneofencouragesame-sexrelationships.PlatonicloveinancientGreecePresentationofthebody(withwomen)P

7、resentationofthemind(withmen)GreeksoldiersbroughtyoungboysonmilitarycampaignsAzandemilitaryhomosexualityWarriorshaveboy-wivesBoywivesbecomewarriorswiththeirownboy-wivesTheSambiaofHighlandNewGuineaBoysFallateoldermenBuildupstoreofsemenProhibitionagainstmasturbatio

8、nHomosexualityThirdGendersHijrasTwoSpiritsFa’afafines(Berdache)GuevodocheCastratiEunuchsSwornAlbanianVirginsSunflowersGender-RelatedBehaviorGENDER-RELATEDBEHAV