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1、初等数学elementarymathematics高等数学highermathematics现代数学modernmathematics基础数学basicmathematics应用数学appliedmathematics计算数学computationalmathematics复变函数论theoryoffunctionsofacomplexvariable实变函数论theoryoffunctionsofarealvariable泛函分析functionalanalysis数理逻辑mathematicallogic数理统计ma
2、thematicalstatistics常微分方程ordinarydifferentialequation偏微分方程partialdifferentialequation数理方程equationofmathematicalphysics代数拓扑学algebraictopology集合论settheory拓扑空间topological概率论probability随机过程stochasticprocess李群Liegroup数论numbertheory图论graphtheory编码理论codingtheory混沌理论chao
3、tictheory一般词汇数学mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数
4、subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreater
5、than小于等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数decimal小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binarysystem十六进制hexadecimalsystem权weight,significance进位carry截尾tr
6、uncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubiceq
7、uation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower开方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,th
8、enthroot集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotoni
