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1、一、合成有两个或两个以上的词合成的一个词。如:合成名词、合成形容词、合成副词等。fire+man----firemangood+looking-----good-lookingany+time----anytime一、派生1、前缀:加前缀通常改变词义反义词:un:healthy---unhealthyusual---unusualhappy---unhappydis:honest---dishonestappear---disappearlike---dislikecover---discoverim:possible---impossiblein:dependent----ind
2、ependent一、派生1、前缀:加前缀通常改变词义反义词:un:healthy---unhealthyusual---unusualhappy---unhappydis:honest---dishonestappear---disappearlike---dislikecover---discoverim:possible---impossiblein:dependent----independent2、后缀:加后缀一般改变词性(1)名词后缀:-er:manage—manager,own---owner,record---recorderreport---reporter,tea
3、ch---teacher,wait---waiterwin----winner,work---worker,write---writer--or:visit---visitor,act---actor,invent---inventor-ress:wait---waitress,act---actress-(t)ion:invent—invention,pollute---pollution,attract—attraction,suggest---suggestioncollect---collection,locate---location,operate---operatio
4、n,protect---protectionsolve---solution,add---addition2、后缀:加后缀一般改变词性(1)名词后缀:-ation:invite---invitation,organize---organization-(s)ion:discuss---discussion,decide---decision-ment:develop---development,amuse—amusementadvertise---advertisement-ce:enter---entrance-ing:meet---meeting,paint---paintin
5、g,say---sayingbegin---beginning,build---building2、后缀:加后缀一般改变词性(2)名词+ist;er变成表示人的名词-ist:science--scientist,art—artist,tour—tourist-er:farm---farmer,engine---engineer,law---lawyer(3)形容词+ness,ty,ity,th,ce,dom变成名词-ness:kind—kindness,ill—illness;-ty:safe—safety,difficult—difficulty,honest—honesty-i
6、ty:electric—electricity,national—nationality,active—activity,able—ability-th:true—truth,long—length-ce:different—difference,important—importance-dom:free—freedom,wise—wisdom,(2)动词后缀:1.名词+ize变成动词:-ize:memory---memorize2.形容词+en变成动词:wide—widen(3).形容词后缀:1.名词+ed,ful,y,ly,ive,al,cal,en,(i)an变成形容词-ed
7、:age—aged,wound—wounded-ful:power—powerful,care—careful,use—usefulsuccess—successful,wonder—wonderful-y:wind—windy,rain—rainy,cloud—cloudysnow—snowy,sun—sunny,luck—luckynoise—noisy,health—healthy,fun—funny,-ly:love—lovely,friend—friendl