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1、清华大学考研辅导强化班课程《英语写作》清华大学外语系杨朝春主讲并提供文档资料第一讲 GeneralIntroduction(总记)I.GeneralIntroduction(总论)1.TheRoleofWriting(写作的地位)2.RequirementsforWritingintheExam(考试对写作的要求)II.UseofLanguage(语言的使用)1.Theuseofwords(选取最恰当的词使表达生动鲜明、充实而有效)1)简易常用词和拼读复杂词由于历史的缘故,英语和北欧语、希腊语、意大利语和法语有着密切的联系,由此出现许
2、多外来词。而这些外来词在英语本语中往往可以找到同义或近义词。一般来说,外来词较长,拼写与记忆较难,多用于正式文体,如政府文件、学术性著作、法律文书等,属于拼读复杂词;本语词拼写较短,多用于日常写作及会话,属于简易常用词。从应试的角度来说,由于本语词较短、易识别且使用频率高,我们提倡多使用,这样可以提高表达效率,使文章清楚明了,又可减少错误率。Examples:ask(本语)question(法语)interrogate(拉丁语)2)一般词和具体词一般词具有概括和抽象的特点,适于在段落之首提出主题思想和末尾总结概括。而具体词可以使意思表
3、达的更准确、生动和鲜明,适于展开主题。Examples:Plant:tree,bush,vegetable,flower,fruitVegetable:cabbage,turnip,carrots,onions,garlic,potatoes,cucumber,lettuce,cauliflower,pepperbroccoli,eggplant,mushrooms,tomatoesFruit:apple,peach,pear,strawberry,grapes,orange,watermelon,pineapple,mango,ba
4、nanas,kiwifruit,cherry,apricotWalk:edge,limp,shuffle,trudge,trot,pace,stagger,toddle,strollLook:see,watch,observe,perceive,sight,spotscan,glancepeer,stare,gaze,beholdLaugh:giggle,titter,chuckle,grin,guffawCry:weep,sob,groan,wail,lament,whimper第二讲 写作考试中一些常用词283)写作考试中一些常用
5、词*Althoughsheisoneofmyfriends,shestronglyagainstmyopinion.*Sheisgettingmarriedinnextmonth.*Hisbodyishealthy.*Childrenaredangerouswhentheyplaywithmatches.*Inonehandweshouldstudyhard,inotherhandweshouldbeindependentbydoingpart-timejobs.1)Suchthingsdonothappeneveryday.This
6、iseverydayoccurrence.2)Thebirdsareflyinghighinthesky.Theleaderwashighlyrespectedbypeople.3)Thecontemptiblemanisselfishandvain.There’sacontemptuouslookonhisface.4)Heisarespectableoldman.Heisrespectfultowardhisteachers.Afterthemeetingtheywentbacktotheirrespectiveprovinces
7、.5)Sheisdesirousofseeinghimagain.Heisthedesirablemanfortheposition.6)Helpinghimisworthwhile.Itisworthwhilehelpinghim.Thenovelisworthstudying.Thenovelisworthyofcarefulstudy.Shehasledaworthylife.7)aliveafraidalonealikeashamedasleepawakeaware8)economiceconomicalhealthyheal
8、thfulimaginativeimaginarybeneficialbeneficent9)seniorjuniorsuperiorinferiorpriorposterior10)Themajorityof,agre