资源描述：
《历年大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、上学吧：http://www.shangxueba.com1990年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes) PassageOne Questions21to24arebasedonthefollowingpassage: Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofpro-ductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,
2、mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisde-signedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe"SecondIndustrialRevolution". Labour'sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemploy-ment
3、,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,labourhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventually,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,main-taining,andrepairingautomatione
4、quipment.Theinterestoflabourliesinbringingaboutthe transitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.AI~,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,m
5、oreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards. Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancial
6、interestinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoney basedonlengthofservice.A
7、notherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlabourwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation. 21.Thoughlabourworriesabouttheeffectsofautomat
8、ion,itdoesnotdoubtthat A)automationwilleventuallypreventunemployment B)automationwillhelpworkersacquirenewsk
