矮牵牛在园林绿化中的应用

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1、目录1矮牵牛的生物学及生态学特性特性············································12矮牵牛的品种选择··························································13矮牵牛的露地栽培技术······················································23.1栽培地点的选择··························································23.2栽培土质的选择·····················

2、······································23.3栽植····································································24矮牵牛的田间管理··························································24.1养分管理································································34.2水分管理·····································

3、···························34.3修剪····································································34.4病虫害防治·······························································45矮牵牛在园林绿化中的应用··················································86结语························································

4、··············9参考文献···································································10致　谢·····································································11矮牵牛的露地栽培及其在园林绿化中的应用摘要矮牵牛花大色艳、花期长、抗逆性强、易栽培、易管理等优点，近几年园林绿化中广泛运用的主要花卉之一，从矮牵牛的品种选择以及露地栽培技术及其矮牵牛的田间防治和在园林绿化中的应用，矮牵牛具有更广的应用前景。关键词矮牵牛品种栽培管理病虫害

5、防治应用矮牵牛别名碧冬茄、灵芝牡丹、、洋牡丹、毽子花、番薯花、矮喇叭。矮牵牛属于茄科碧冬茄属或矮牵牛属。矮牵牛原产于南美洲，在我国各地均有栽培。西宁地处青海东部，地理坐标为北纬36°34′3″，东经101°49′17″地势由北向南倾斜，西北高，东南低，东西狭长，形似一叶扁舟。西宁市境内最高海拔4394m，市区中心海拔2275ms。属大陆性高原半干旱气候。其特点是：气压低、日照长，雨水少，蒸发量大，太阳辐射强，日夜温差大，无霜期短，冰冻期长，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，是适合于矮牵牛露地栽培的地方。1.矮牵牛的生物学及生态学特性特性矮牵牛常作一年生栽培，株高20～60cm，全株具黏毛。茎稍直立或匍

6、匐。叶互生（下部叶）或对生（上部叶），卵状披针形，全缘。花单生于叶腋或枝端，较大，大的直径可达10cm以上。喇叭形或漏斗形，先端波状浅裂，单瓣或重瓣。花有白、粉、红、紫、黄、赤至近黑色及镶嵌、斑纹等。矮牵牛花期较长，每年4月～10月均有盛花开放。矮牵牛性喜温暖，不耐寒，忌水湿，喜排水良好的基质，喜光忌荫，忌雨涝。2.矮牵牛的品种选择阿拉丁系列(Aladdin)：灿烂的花朵，花径9～10cm，早花，株高25～30cm,整个季节开花不断。巨鹰系列(Eagle)：分枝紧凑，花径7～8cm，花色繁多，花期长。第9页梦幻系列（Dream）：无限开花习性，花期一致，春季栽培各个花色品种的开花期相差不

7、到一周。花边系列(Picotee)：很好的双色矮牵牛品种，植株矮化紧凑分枝习性好，耐高温且抗逆性强。缤纷系列(Avalanche)：是一个改良型的垂吊型矮牵牛品种，不存在空心现象，高15～20cm,冠幅80～130cm,再加上耐湿性的习性，成为垂吊矮牵牛的佼佼者，花色有红粉白紫等色。1.矮牵牛的露地栽培技术3.1栽培地点的选择矮牵牛在充分的日照下生长最佳。在长、短日照下花芽均能分化，然而短日照容易促进花芽生长，是植株矮化，开花较紧密