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1、SeriesofSelectedPapersfromChun-ThsungScholars,PekingUniversity(2001)SaturatedAbsorptionSpectroscopyandFrequencyModulationSpectroscopyofRubidiumAtoms铷原子的饱和吸收光谱和频率调变光谱DanLeeGrade98,SchoolofPhysics,DepartmentofTechnicalPhysics摘要在这个实验中，我们测量了85Rb和87Rb原子的饱和吸收光谱和频率调变光谱．
2、在饱和吸收光谱中，87Rb原子的
3、F=1ñ→
4、F＇=0,1,2ñ和
5、F=2ñ→
6、F＇=1,2,3ñ,85Rb原子的
7、F=2ñ→
8、F＇=1,2,3ñ和
9、F=3ñ→
10、F＇=2,3,4ñ以及它们的交错信号都被完全的捕捉住.这里,F表示的是5S1/2基态的超精细能级，而F＇则表示的是5P3/2激发态的超精细能级.87Rb原子的｜F=2ñ→
11、F＇=1,2,3ñ的谱线则被用于调频技术．AbstractWehavemeasuredD2transitionsof85Rband87Rbatomswithsaturatedabsorptio
12、nspectroscopyandfrequencymodulationspectroscopy.Thesesaturatedabsorptionspectra,
13、F=1ñ→
14、F’=0,1,2ñand
15、F=2ñ→
16、F’=1,2,3ñof87Rbatoms,
17、F=2ñ→
18、F’=1,2,3ñand
19、F=3ñ→
20、F’=2,3,4ñof85Rbatoms,andtheircrossoverlinesarecompletelyresolved,whereFindicatesthehyperfinelevelofthe5S1/2gro
21、undstateandF’indicatesthatofthe5P3/2excitedstate.Thederivativesofthe
22、F=2ñ→
23、F’=1,2,3ñspectraof87Rbatomsareobtainedwiththetechniqueoffrequencymodulation.Asweknow,theRubidiumatomisonekindofboson.ItobeystheBose-Einsteinstatistics.In1995,Rubidiumatomwassuccessfullyuse
24、dtorealizetheBose-Einsteincondensation.496SeriesofSelectedPapersfromChun-ThsungScholars,PekingUniversity(2001)Inthenature,therearetwotypesofisotopesofRubidium:87Rband85Rb.Ifweconsiderthehyperfinestructureoftheisotopesof87Rband85Rb,wecangetthefiguresfortheirenergy
25、levels.Thehyperfinestructureisresultedfromthespinofthenucleus,whichiscalledZeemaneffectthatcanleadtotheseparationoftheenergylevelsinmagneticfield.Fig.1belowshowsusthehyperfinestructureofthe87Rb.Fig.1.Thehyperfinestructureoftheenergylevelsof87Rb496SeriesofSelected
26、PapersfromChun-ThsungScholars,PekingUniversity(2001)Fig.2belowshowsusthehyperfinestructureofthe85Rb.Fig.2.Thehyperfinestructureoftheenergylevelsof85RbThetwofiguresaresimilartoeachother.Thesmalldifferencebetweenthemisthattheseparationofenergylevelsof85Rbislessthan
27、thoseof87Rb.Anotherdifferencebetweenthetwoisotopesisthatthespinofthenucleusof87Rbis3/2andthatof85Rbis5/2.Ididsuchafollowingexperimenttostudythemainenergylevela
