澳大利亚教育成本上升的分析[文献翻译]

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1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译原文：AnAnalysisoftheRisingCostofEducationinAustralia(extract)AbstractHumancapital,orabettereducatedlabourforce,isamajordeterminantofeconomicgrowthandproductivity.However,recenttrendsinthecostofeducationinAustraliamaycausegrowthandproductivitytosuf

2、fer.Forexample,duringtheperiod1982-2003inflationroseonaverageby4.4percentperannum,whereasthecostofeducationgrewoverallonaverageby7.8percent.ThishasmadeeducationarelativelyexpensiveitemamongAustralianhouseholds.Thispapercomparesandcontraststhecostofeducationin

3、AustraliaandcomparableeconomieswiththecostofothergoodsandservicesembeddedintheCPI(ConsumerPriceIndex)basketusingthelatestavailablequarterlydata.Finally,themajordeterminantsoftherisingcostofeducationinAustraliaareexamined.Itisfound,interalia,thatovertheperiod1

4、986-2003theincreasingnumberofstudentsenrolledatnon-governmentalprimaryandsecondaryschoolsandtheintroductionoftheHigherEducationContributionScheme(HECS)weremajorinfluencesontherisingcostofeducation,explainingsome98percentofvariationinthecostofeducationinAustra

5、liaovertime.1.IntroductionThereisaconsensusamongeconomiststhathumancapitalplaysasubstantialroleinachievinghighereconomicgrowthandincreasedlabourproductivity.Newgrowththeoriesidentifythechannelsthroughwhicheconomicgrowthoccursandhowreformprocessescanstimulatet

6、herateofinvestmentinphysicalcapital,humancapital,technologicalknow-howandknowledgecapital.Togetherthesefactorsexertasustainedandpositiveeffectonthelong-rungrowthoftheeconomy(Rebelo,1991).Forinstance,intheirseminalworkBarro(1991)andBarroandLee(1994)echoedtheim

7、portanceofhumancapital(orabettereducatedlabourforce)asamajordeterminantofeconomicgrowthandproductivity.Morerecently,Valadkhani(2003)found,interalia,thatlong-termpoliciesaimedatacceleratingthevarioustypesofinvestmentinhumancapitalwillalsoimprovelabourproductiv

8、ity.Ashigherproductivitytranslatesdirectlyintohigherpercapitaincome,Australians,asawhole,benefitfromhigherstandardsofhealthcare,educationandpublicwelfare.Veryrecently,Chou(2003,p397)found