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1、高考英语语法专题讲解与训练之六动词的时态和语态在英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,这就叫做动词的时态。一、一般现在时1.一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时,动词后面要加-s或-es。第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式) (1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collects takes plays climbs (2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es : Watch— ___________teach—__________
2、_ go— ___________do— __________wash—___________cross— ___________mix— __________brush— _________ (3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→_________ fly→________ carry→________ cry→________ 但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says2.一般现在时的基本用法(1)表示客观事实、普通真理或格言警句(不受主句时态限制)1)Thegeographyteachertoldustheearth_________aroundt
3、hesun.(move)2)Water________at100oC.(boil)3)Pride ________ before a fall.(go)(2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用,例如: every…, often,always,sometimes, never,seldom, on Sundays。1)Ice_______cold.(feel)2)Wealways_____________eachotherandhelpeachother.(carefor)(3)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概
4、念的词常用一般现在时:see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong、seem等。1)I_________whatyoumean.(know)2)Smith_________acarandahouse.(own)3)Allthestudentshere_______________No.1MiddleSchool.(belongto)3.一般现在时的特殊用法。1)时间状语从句,条件句中,从句用一般现在时代替将来时 When, while, before, after, till, once,
5、 as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately (1)Sendmyregardstoyourlovelywifewhenyou_______home.(write)(2)Hewillcometoseeyouthemomenthe ______hiswork.(finish)2)表示按照“时间表”的安排将要发生的事情。(1)Theshop_________at11:0
6、0p.m.everyday.(close)(2)Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026____offat18:20. (take)(3)Thetrain____________at10o'clockinthemorning.(start)(4)Thesummerholidays___________nextweek.(begin)4.一般现在时的被动语态。Theclassroom_________________byuseveryday.(clean) Suchsongs________usually__________bygirls.(sing)
7、 Russian_____________________inourschool.(notteach)典型例题:1.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe________fromtheuniversitynextyear.(2002上海)A.willgraduateB.willhavegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate