conclusions - japan, material and visual culture, courses 结论-日本，材料与视觉文化，课程

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1、ConclusionThesearetheconclusionsofmyunpublishedPh.DThesis.Whendrawingonthismaterialpleasereference:Daniels,I.2001.TheFameofMiyajima:Spirituality,commodification,andthetouristtradeinsouvenirsinJapan.Ph.DThesis,UniversityCollegeLondon,p.238-247.Conclusion

2、s:SummaryofArgumentsTheconnectionbetweenMiyajimaanditsshamojiiswellestablishedincontemporaryJapan.Asamatteroffact,itwastheexpansivefameoftheshamojithatbroughtmetotheislandinthefirstplace.WhileconductingapilotprojectinurbanareasintheKansairegionin1996,th

3、ereoccurringappearanceofMiyajimashamojiinpeople’shomescaughtmyattention.Duringthecourseofthisthesis,IhavetracedthetrajectoriesoftheMiyajimashamojifromtheislandtourbanhomes.Isetouttochallengetheassumptionthatmassproductionandcommercialdistributiondiminis

4、hesthespiritualpowerofobjects.MydatasuggeststhatthecommodificationofMiyajimashamojiandtheirdistributiontomajorcitiesviamultipledistributionnetworkshasenhancedtheirspirituality,spreadingthefameofMiyajimaanditsshamoji.Theconclusionwillsummarisemyoverallfi

5、ndingsthroughadiscussionofthemainanthropologicalissuesthathaveemergedineachindividualchapter.Chapter1arguedthat,likeGawancanoes(Munn,1986),shamojimoveawayfromtheislandtospreadthecollectivefameofMiyajima.Ihavedescribedprocessesofreligiousembodimentandthe

6、transferenceofspiritualpowerwithintheShinto-Buddhistsyncreticreligioustradition.ThepowerthatisthoughttobeinherentintheIslandwassuccessivelythoughttobematerialisedinthemountainouslandscape,astatueoftheBuddhistDeityBenzaiten,theIsukushimaShrineandmobilesh

7、amoji.Eachoftheseembodimentsofthespiritualityintheislandisinternallyandexternallyendowedwithreligiousagency(Gell,1998).Thelargequantitiesofidenticalshamojithatleavetheislandprovideevidenceforthethesisthattheoriginalandthecopyconstituteeachother.Innumera

8、blecopiesofshamojiincreasetherenownoftheirreferent,theisland,butthroughtheircirculationtheyalsoexpandtheirownreputation.ContrarytoBenjamin's(1969)view,thepoweroftheimageisnotonlyretained,butitsmeaningisalsoexpandedthroughitsappro