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1、StylisticAnalysison“Yes,But”ArguinginNotesontheEnglishCharacter摘要：“以退为进”是许多作者在阐述个人观点时所运用的一种策略。它不仅有助于建立双方交流观点的和谐气氛，更能达到比直言反驳更为有效的论述效果。本文通过分析《关于英国人性格的笔记》一文，从语气、用词、修辞手法、文章结构几个方面来分析“以退为进”论述策略在文中具体体现，再纵观全文得出作者不同于传统议论文的论述方法：首先确定本文论述的对象，定位本文观点的反对者，以温和的态度肯定其部分观点，体现自己的客
2、观态度，再根据对方论点的弱点进行驳斥，从而用自己的观点说服对方，说服读者。Introduction“Yes,but”strategyisveryusefulinarguing.Thespeakerfirstconcedessomethingtohisopponents,forexample,thattheyarewell-intentionedorthattheirargumentsareatleastworthconsidering.Hemayevenadmitthatsomeofthemaresound.Then
3、comesthepowerfulrefutationandfurtherelaboration,latersilencingtheopponents.Theprocessislikepracticingboxing.Keepthefistsfirstandthenmakeanadvanceandgivetheadversaryadeadblow.InNotesontheEnglishCharacter,Forsteranalyzesthe“undeveloped”emotionalnatureofEnglishmen
4、andshowsthattheyarenotascoldandindifferentastheyappeartobe.Theyaremisunderstoodbecausetheymeasureouttheiremotionalresponsesprudently.Thissmartstrategymakesagreatcontributiontoachievingtheauthor’spurposeandappealingtoreaders.Itisembodiedinfouraspects:tone,choice
5、ofwords,figureofspeechandtextstructure.ToneIn“yes,but”arguing,beforethepresentationofthecounterarguments,itisofimportancetocreateaharmoniousenvironmentwherepeoplewouldliketohearyourideaswithoutresistance.Toneisausefultoolforachievingtheeffect.InNotesontheEnglis
6、hCharacter,Forsterchoosestousethefirstpersonpronountotalkinarelaxedandfriendlymanner.Hisideasareexpressedinacalmandgentletone,whichturnstheargumentintoaneasyconversationbetweenfriends.Havingseensomanypeoplewhoseriouslyandmechanicallypumptheirideasintoourmind,we
7、reallyfeelcomfortabletolistentoForster.Thearguingisrenderedinterestingbysomeproverbssuchas“letthecatoutofthebag”,“getfireoutofice”,“bottleuphisemotions”andstrikingsimilessuchas“measuringemotionslikepotatoes”,“sloppingthemaboutlikewaterfromthepail”,“asvariousast
8、hesandofthesea”,etc.Besides,theauthorisgoodatspicingsuchadullcontentionwithflashesofhumor.InordertoillustratethattheEnglishisafraidtofeel,hemakesajoke—ifanEnglishmanoverreac
