面向对象软件工程(使用uml,模式与java)全套课后习题答案

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1、Object-OrientedSoftwareEngineering:UsingUML,Patterns,andJava:SolutionstoExercises1.IntroductiontoSoftwareEngineering:Solutions1-1Whatisthepurposeofmodeling?Thepurposeofmodelingistoreducecomplexitybybuildingasimplifiedrepresentationofrealitywhichignoresirreleva

2、ntdetails.Whatisrelevantornotisdefinedbythequestionsthemodelwillbeusedtoanswer.1–2Aprogramminglanguageisanotationforrepresentingalgorithmsanddatastructures.Listtwoadvantagesandtwodisadvantagesofusingaprogramminglanguageassolenotationthroughoutthedevelopmentpro

3、cess.Advantages:•Developersneedonlylearnonenotationforalldevelopmentactivities.•Traceabilityamongmodelsandbetweenmodelsandcodeismadeeasiersincetheyarewritteninthesamenotation.Disadvantages:•Aprogramminglanguageisalowlevelnotationwhichisdifficulttouseforreprese

4、ntinguserrequirements,forexample.•Aprogramminglanguageenablesandencouragesdeveloperstorepresentimplementationdetailstooearly.1–3Considerataskyouarenotfamiliarwith,suchasdesigningazero-emissionscar.Howwouldyouattacktheproblem?Thisisanopenendedquestionwhosepurp

5、oseisforstudentsthinkaboutproblemstheycannotsolvewithouthelp.Answersshouldcontaintwoormoreofthefollowingpoints:•Definetheproblempreciselybygatheringinformationfrompotentialusers.•Discovertheboundariesofthesolutionspacebygatheringinformationfromapplicationdomai

6、nexperts.•Brainstormideaswithotherpeople,includingexpertsandnonexperts•Evaluateideasusingprototypes,simulations,andcandidateusers.1–4Whatismeantby“knowledgeacquisitionisnotsequential”?Provideaconcreteexampleofknowledgeacquisitionthatillustratesthis.Knowledgea

7、cquisitionisnonlinearinthesensethattheacquisitionofanewpieceofknowledgemayinvalidatepriorknowledge.Inotherterms,knowingonemorepieceofinformationmayleadyoutorealizethatwhatyouthoughtyouknewisinvalid.GalileoGalileiinvalidatedtheearthcentricmodeloftheuniversebyo

8、bservingthemoonsofJupiterandthephasesofVenus.1–5Hypothesizearationaleforthefollowingdesigndecisions:Thisexercisetestsifthestudentunderstandsthedifferencebetweenadecisionanditsrationale.Th