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1、第24卷第1期生态学报Vol.24,No.12004年1月ACTAECOLOGICASINICAJan.,2004景观格局指标对不同景观格局的反应李秀珍,布仁仓,常禹,胡远满,问青春,王绪高,徐崇刚,李月辉,贺红仕(中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016)摘要:探讨了在人为控制不同因子变量的条件下各景观格局指标对由中性随机模型产生的不同景观格局系列的反应,以评价一些常用指标的实用性和局限性。研究结果表明,大部分指标所指示的格局特征往往是不全面的,即它们只对格局系列中个别因子的变化敏感,而对另一些因子的变化反应迟钝。比较值得推荐的指标有:总斑块数目,平均斑块大小,总边界密度,分维
2、数,蔓延度,聚集度。但即使是这些指标,也各有其局限性,且存在冗余。由此提醒读者在运用景观格局指标时应在了解其实际意义的基础上,结合生态学过程慎重选择和解释,避免陷于数字游戏。关键词:景观格局;格局指标;反应;中性模型TheresponseoflandscapemetricsagainstpatternscenariosLIXiu-Zhen,BURen-Cang,CHANGYu,HUYuan-Man,WENQing-Chun,WANGXu-Gao,XUChong-Gang,LIYue-Hui,HEHong-Shi(InstituteofAppliedEcology,ChineseAcad
3、emyofSciences,Shenyang110016,China).ActaEco-logicaSinica,2004,24(1):123～134.Abstract:Landscapemetricshavebeenwidelyusedtodescribelandscapepatternsquantitativelyinthelasttwodecades.Withthequickdevelopmentofgeographicalinformationsystem,moreandmoremetricsaredesignedandcalculatedwitheverin-creasing
4、speed.Packageswhichcanprovidenumerousvarietiesoflandscapemetrics,suchasFRAGSTATSandAPACK,makeitmoreconvenientforuserstocalculatethosemetricswithoutqueryingabouttheirecologicalmeaning,orevenwithoutknowingtheirarithmeticformulas.Thereforemoreandmoreusersareusingandinterpretinglandscapemetricsarbit
5、rarily,es-peciallyinChina.Itishightimetoclarifyifthemetricsweareusingsooftencanreallyindicatethedesiredpatternornot.Thispapertestedthebehaviorofsomelandscapepatternmetricsagainstsixpatternscenariosgeneratedbyneutralland-scapemodels,bychangingonespatialparameterwhilekeepingalltheothersstable.Thes
6、cenariosinclude:(1)NumberofClasses,withmapsize1000×1000,and2～100classesrandomlydistributedatequalareapercentages;(2)Scale-MapEx-tent,with10equalclassesrandomlydistributedatmapsize8×8,16×16,…,500×500,and1000×1000;(3)Scale-Resolu-tion,witha3-classpredefined10×10mapresampledbycellsize1,0.5,…,and0.0
7、5;(4)ProportionofOneClass,withtheareaofoneclasschangingfrom1%,10%,…,to99%consequentlyinbinarymaps;(5)AggregationLevel-Rule,with4-e-qual-classesin1024×1024cellsmapsatdifferentaggregationlevelsaccordingtotheneutrallandscapemod
