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1、中国环境科学2015,35(7)：1990~1997ChinaEnvironmentalScience城市污水处理厂污水处理工艺对VOCs挥发特征影响1,21*1耿雪松,张春林,王伯光(1.暨南大学,大气环境安全与污染控制研究所,广东广州510632：2.暨南大学环境学院,广东广州510632)摘要：对广州市某污水处理厂入厂原水进行了现场水样采集,用吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱法测定了水样中VOCs含量.在污水处理厂入水口中共检出20种VOCs,浓度范围为0.1789~21.89µg/L.基于实测数据和构筑物结构参数,对该厂4种不同的污水处理工艺流程(包括A
2、-B工22艺,UNITANK工艺,改良A/O脱氮除磷工艺和改良A/O高效沉淀工艺)利用WATER9模型计算了各工艺主要构筑物VOCs的挥发速率和2挥发总量.挥发速率最大工艺为A-B工艺,其值为0.2318g/s;构筑物加盖的改良A/O高效沉淀工艺挥发速率最小为0.0426g/s.各个工艺中挥发速率最大的单元有生物处理池和沉淀池,主要成分有苯、甲苯、三氯甲烷、四氯乙烯.根据VOCs挥发速率和污水处理量计算了VOCs在构筑物加盖和不加盖情况下的排放因子,并估算了珠江三角洲地区污水处理厂VOCs的总排放量,发现构筑物加盖可大大减少城市污水处理厂的排放率,削减
3、率可达到74.72%.关键词：污水处理厂；VOCs；WATER9；排放因子中图分类号：X511文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6923(2015)07-1990-08Effectsoftreatmentprocessesontheemissioncharacteristicsofvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)inamunicipal1,21*1sewagetreatmentplant.GENGXue-song,ZHANGChun-lin,WANGBo-guang(1.InstituteofAtmosphereEnviro
4、nmentalSafetyandPollutionControl,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou510632,China；2.CollegeofEnvironmentalEngineering,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou,510632,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2015,35(7)：1990~1997Abstract：Sewagetreatmentplantcouldbeapotentialexposuretovolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)
5、inurbanenvironment.RawwatersampleswerecollectedfromtheinletofamunicipalsewagetreatmentplantinGuangzhouandwereanalyzedbypurge-trapconcentratorandhigh-resolutiongaschromatographycoupledwithmassspectrometry.20individualcompoundswerediscoveredwithaconcentrationrangedfromapproximatel
6、y0.1789to21.89µg/Lintheinletwater.TheemissionratesandthetotalamountwerecalculatedemployingthemodelofWATER9basedonthemeasureddataandunitsstructuralparameters.Amongthefourprocesses(A-Bprocess,UNITANKprocesses,improved22A/Oprocessconcentratedonnitrogenandphosphorusremoval,improvedA
7、/Oprocesswithefficientsedimentationtank),2A-Bprocesshadthehighestemissionrateof0.2318g/s,whilethecoveredA/Oprocesswithefficientsedimentationtankhadthelowestemissionrateof0.0426g/s.ThebiologicaltankandsedimentationtankwerethetwomajorunitsthatcontributedthelargestVOCsemissioninall
8、theunitsandthemostabundantVOCsconsistedofBenzen
