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1、Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,butyoucanjudgeabookbyitsfirstsceneAcriticalliteraryanalysisofJaneEyrebyCharlotteBronte《简爱》文学评论“Therewasnopossibilityofawalkthatday”(p.7).Inthissimplesentence,CharlotteBronteestablishesthemotifofentrapmentandsubsequentindependencethatrecursthroughoutthenovelJaneEyre.Inthe
2、firstsceneofthenovel,thesettinghelpstoshapeJane’scharacter.JaneintroducesthefirstofnumerousimagesofbirdsasshereadsBewick’sHistoryofBirds,andalsotheparallelimagerybetweenhumansandanimals.Jane’sfirstarticulationforeshadowstheplotofthenovel,predominantlythepersistentthreadofhermobility.Theseliteraryele
3、ments,whichhavetheirfootholdinthefirstsceneofJaneEyre,manifestbroaderthemesthroughoutthenovel.Jane’sfirstutteranceestablishesthespacethatsheoccupiesthroughoutthenovel:“Therewasnopossibilityoftakingawalkthatday…Iwasgladofit”(p.7).Jane’ssimpleascertainingofthefactshemustremaininsidethedreary,hostileGa
4、tesheadenvironmentforeshadowshercontinuedplightasaprisonerofpersonalandcircumstantialconstraints,andherendeavorstobreakfreefromtheseconstraints.Jane’sentrapmentbeginsatGateshead,wherecircumstanceshaveplacedherunderthecareofhercruelaunt.TheinclementweathersituatesherinsidetheGatesheadlibrary,enshrine
5、dinthewindow-seat:“Foldsofscarletdraperyshutinmyviewtotherighthand;totheleftweretheclearpanesofglass,protecting,butnotseparatingmefromthedrearNovemberday”(p.8).Here,althoughsheisaprisonerwithinthehouse,sheisalsoacaptiveofthefantasiesofliterature:Theywerethosewhichtreatofthehauntsofsea-fowl;of‘thesol
6、itaryrocksandpromontories’bythemonlyinhabited;ofthecoastofNorway,studdedwithislesfromitssouthernextremity,theLindesness…Eachpicturetoldastory”(p.8-9).Physically,shebecomesaprisonerintheredroom:“Takeherawaytothered-room,andlockherinthere”(p.12).ThisabuseischaracteristicofMrs.Reed’sgeneralattitudetowa
7、rdsJane,continuallypreventingherfrombeingalovedmemberofthefamily,insteadmaintainingherasarelativenobetterthanaservant.Mrs.Reed’stormentisamethodofpalpableentrapment.However,Jane’sentrapment,evenasachi