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1、西宁地区6th燃煤蒸汽锅炉设计西宁地区6t/h燃煤蒸汽锅炉设计摘要我国是世界上最大的煤炭生产国和消费国,也是目前世界上少有的几个以煤为基本能源的国家之一。我国是世界上拥有工业锅炉最多的国家,至1998年末全国在用中小型工业锅炉50.12万台,年耗煤4.3亿吨。本次设计任务是设计一台在西部高原地区运行的蒸汽锅炉,适用于海拔2200米青海西宁地区的区域性供暖和供热。锅炉的特点如下:该锅炉为双锅筒横置式自然循环锅炉,炉膛四周布置水冷壁。为了保证炉膛中燃料持续和稳定地燃烧,采用高而短的前拱和低而长的后拱。加大炉排受热面积,加高炉膛,以适应海拔
2、2200米地区的运行。炉膛之后设有燃尽室,使没有燃尽的物质继续燃烧,同时对较大灰粒有沉降作用。在上下锅筒之间布置密集的对流锅炉管束为主要对流受热面。尾部烟道布置空气预热器,加强着火和燃烧,同时也可以降低排烟温度,提高锅炉效率。燃烧设备为链条炉炉排,燃料为当地产的三类无烟煤,其低位发热量为29400KJ/kg,锅炉型号为SHL6-1.27-WⅢ。锅炉主要数据如下:锅炉效率73.3768%排烟温度165℃燃料耗量0.2071kg/s辐射受热面积40.2459m2对流受热面积126.5234m2锅炉容量6t/h炉排面积13m2有关锅炉各部分
3、的结构特性和设计过程将在正文中详细介绍。本设计说明书包括热力计算说明书、强度计算说明书、烟风阻力计算说明书及英文翻译四个主要部分关键词蒸汽锅炉;链条炉排;海拔2200米;双锅筒;自然循环;DesignfortheSteamBoilerofXININGRegionAbstractOurcountryproduceandconsumethemostcoalintheworld,ourcountryisoneofcountrieswhichessentialresourceiscoal.Thereisthemostindustrialboi
4、lsinourcountry.Bytheendof1998,thereareabout0.5millionindustrialboils,and430billionkilogramcoalhasconsumedThethemeofthisdocumentistodesignavaporboiler,whosetypeis‘SHL6-1.27-WⅢ’.Thiskindofboilerissuitablefortheregionalheatingandheatingoftheareawhichhasanelevationof2200met
5、ersinxiningregioninqinghaiprovinceNow,thefollowingisthesimpleintroductionofcharacteristicofthisboiler.Thisboilerisdouble-drumnaturalcirculationboiler,therearemanywaterwallsaroundthefurnace.Toensurethecontinuousandsteadyignitioninthefurnace,Itakethehighandshortfrontarch,
6、whilethebackarchislowandlongItisprovedthatitcanincreasetheheightandofthefurnacetomakeitadapttotheoperationofanelevationof2200metersdistrict.Behindthefurnaceistheburning-outzone.Therearedensewater-tubesbetweenthetwodrums,whichcomposethemainboilersurface.Inthebackpass,The
7、reisair-heater,theaimofsettingtheair-heateristostrengthenignitionandfiring,meanwhiletolowertheexit-gastemperatureandimprovetheefficiencyoftheboiler.Theburnerequipmentischain-grate,thedesignfuelisanthraciteIwhoselowerheatingvalueis29400KJ/kg.Themaindatacitedbelowgivepers
8、pectiveofthequantitiesinvolvethisboiler.Theboileroverallefficiencyis73.3768%,stackgastemperatureis165℃,consump